IoT기반 센싱 및 제어 시스템을 이용한 하수정보화 플랫폼 개발

국문 초록 (Abstract)

하수관거시설은 공중위생과 공공수역의 수질 보전 등을 구축하기 위해 지속적인 유지관리가 필요한 도시기반시설이다.
우리나라 환경부는 1980년대와 1990년대의 합류식 하수관로를 2000년대 이후부터는 분류식 하수관로 정책을 추진함으로써 하천 수질 개선,악취 관리 강화에 힘써왔다. 또한 생활하수를 더욱 체계적으로 관리하는 대책을 수립하기 위해 비가 올 때 하수처리시설의 처리 용량보다 초과하여 빗물과 함께 들어오는 하수 관리를 강화하여 수질 및 유량을 모니터링 해야 하는 의무를 부여하는 체제를 도입하는 등 대책을 수립하였다.
그러나 공공수역과 관련 있는 문제들, 하수 오염도 관리, 우천시 하수처리 문제 등 아직 많이 미흡한 것으로 판단되며, 따라서 기존 하수처리시설의 문제점들을 진단평가하고, 특히 수질을 고려하여 유량 측정 시정확도를 향상시킬 수 있으며, 이러한 결과들을 모니터링 및 제어 가능한 시스템 구축이 요구된다.
본 논문에서는 하수도에 관한 내용으로 IoT기반의 하수제어시스템을 활용하여 하수시설을 자동으로 제어할 수 있는 시스템을 구현하여 하수정보화 플랫폼 고도화를 실현하였고, 제안하는 시스템을 사용할 경우, 환경오염 문제, 하수도에서 특히 우천 시 하수처리장의 처리용량을 초과하는 빗물이 유입되거나 우수 관거나 불명수가 유입되어 하수처리장에서 처리되지 못하고 공공수역으로 방류됨으로써 발생되는 문제 등을 최소화할 수 있으며, 상황별 판단이 가능하도록 지속적인 모니터링을 통한 자료 수집 및 정보 축적을 할 수 있고, 이로써 향후 하수도 유지보수 설계에 반영할 수 있는 근거 자료가 될 수 있을 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Sewage management facilities are urban infrastructure that needs
continuous maintenance to build public hygiene and water
conservation in public water.
Since the 2000s, the Ministry of Environment has been working to
improve river water quality and strengthen odor management by
promoting classified sewerage policies for joining the 1980s and
1990s. In order to establish measures to manage sewage in a more
systematic manner, measures were taken, such as introducing a
system to strengthen sewage management that exceeds the
treatment capacity of sewage treatment facilities in case of rain to
monitor water quality and flow.
However, problems related to public water areas, sewage pollution
management, and sewage treatment problems during rain are still
considered insufficient. Therefore, the accuracy of the existing
sewage treatment facilities can be improved, especially considering
water quality, and these results should be monitored and controlled.
In this paper, we implemented an IoT-based sewage control
system to automatically control sewage facilities. If the proposed
system is used, the environmental pollution problem, such as
rainwater exceeding the treatment capacity of sewage treatment
plants or rainwater or unknown water flowing into sewage treatment
plants and discharging them into public water areas can be
minimized, especially when it rains. And data collection and
information accumulation through continuous monitoring can be
reflected in the future.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 ··································································································· 1
• 1.1 연구의 배경 ····································································································· 1
• 1.2 연구의 필요성 및 목적 ················································································· 2
• Ⅱ. 관련 연구 ··························································································· 5
• 2.1 W-CDMA 통신기술 ························································································ 5
• 2.1.1 W_CDMA의 구조와 원리 ··········································································· 5
• 2.1.1.1 다중 접속(Multiple Access) ····································································· 5
• 2,1.2 W-CDMA/LTE 기술 소개 ··········································································· 6
• 2.2 LoRa ·················································································································· 6
• 2.2.1 LoRa 통신 기술 소개 ················································································· 6
• 2.2.2 LoRa 네트워크 구조 ··················································································· 8
• 2.2.2.1 LoRa 네트워크 구성 요소 ······································································ 9
• 2.2.2.2 ThingPlug 구조 ························································································ 10
• 2.2.3 LoRa 통신 기술을 이용한 국내 연구사례 ··········································· 11
• 2.2.3.1 대구시 ······································································································· 11
• 2.2.3.2 High Tech ································································································ 12
• 2.2.4 LoRa 통신 기술을 이용한 국외 연구사례 ··········································· 12
• 2.2..4.1 네덜란드 ·································································································· 12
• 2.2.4.2 헝가리 ····································································································· 13
• 2.3 기존 연구와 차별성 ····················································································· 13
• Ⅲ. IoT기반 하수정보화 플랫폼 설계 ················································ 14
• 3.1 전체 시스템 구조 설계 ··············································································· 14
• 3.1.1 시스템에 활용된 센싱 모듈 ···································································· 15
• 3.1.2 데이터베이스 설계 ···················································································· 17
• 3.1.3 클래스 다이어그램 ···················································································· 19
• 3.1.4 수문 계측 장치 프로토콜 설계 ······························································ 23
• 3.1.5 시스템 화면 구성도 설계 ········································································ 25
• Ⅳ. 시스템 구현 ··················································································· 31
• 4.1 하수 정보화 플랫폼 서버 구현 ······························································· 31
• 4.2 하수 정보화 플랫폼 구현 ········································································· 33
• 4.3 실제 현장 테스트 ······················································································· 41
• Ⅴ. 결론 ································································································· 43