현대국어 자음군 단순화의 지역별 분포 양상과 내적 변화 연구 = A Study of the Regional Distribution of and Changes in the Simplification of Consonant Clusters in Modern Korean

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to shed light on the regional distribution of and internal changes in the simplification of the consonant clusters by examining how stem-final consonant clusters are realized in local language data.
In order to achieve this, the realizations of the simplification of stem-final consonant clusters in Korean Dialect Sourcebook and Reports on Local Language Investigation, which have a temporal gap of about a generation, were compared and analyzed.
Chapter 2 reviews the theoretical background that explains the phenomenon of consonant cluster simplification. The phonological motivations that underpin the consonantal selection when simplification of consonant clusters occurs were examined. Consonant cluster types were classified according to the characteristics seen in the realization of the consonant clusters; that is to say, the classificatory criterion was based on whether the consonants constituting the consonant clusters were coronal or not. When simplification of consonant clusters occurs, a consonant drops out if it is the subsequent consonant in the cluster as well as a coronal consonant. It has been observed indeed that in consonant clusters such as ‘ㄳ, ㅄ’ and ‘ㄽ, ㄵ, ㄾ’, which fall under the [−coronal]+[+coronal] type and the [+coronal]+[+coronal] type respectively, the subsequent coronal consonant systematically dropped out.
There are cases when the subsequent consonant is not a coronal consonant, that is, consonant clusters of the [+coronal]+[−coronal] type, such as ‘ㄶ, ㄺ, ㄻ, ㄼ, ㄿ, ㅀ’. Among those, only the clusters ‘ㄺ, ㄻ, ㄼ, ㄿ’ were considered in this study. In this type of consonant clusters, the subsequent consonant was not dropped and could be realized instead because it was not a coronal consonant. In other words, since the preceding consonant was a coronal consonant, the preceding consonant was dropped and the subsequent consonant could thus be realized. However, these consonant clusters were divided into two categories according to realization patterns: (1) ‘ㄺ, ㄼ, ㄿ’, where any of the two consonants can be realized, and (2) ‘ㄻ’, which is realized as ‘ㅁ’. This study seeks to explain the basis underpinning this distinction in sonority so as to understand why ‘ㄻ’ is realized as ‘ㅁ’.
Chapter 3 examines the realization patterns of consonant cluster simplifications based on the classification made in Chapter 2. Stem-final consonant clusters in nouns were divided as follows: (1) ‘ㄺ, ㄼ’, which consist of a coronal consonant followed by a non-coronal consonant; (2) ‘ㄳ, ㅄ’, which consist of a non-coronal consonant followed by a coronal consonant; (3) ‘ㄽ’, which consists of two coronal consonants. As for verbs, only the [+coronal]+[−coronal] clusters were examined since consonant clusters simplification cannot be realized in verbal stems independently.
Based on the Reports on Local Language Investigation, the consonant cluster simplifications that occurred in the 2000s were quantitatively analyzed and their characteristics described. Then, these were compared to the realization patterns in Korean Dialect Sourcebook, which presents the simplifications of consonant cluster which occurred in the 1980s, so as to examine how the realization of consonant cluster simplifications changed over time.
Section 3.1 focused on the stem-final consonant clusters ‘ㄺ/ㄼ’, ‘ㄳ/ㅄ’, and ‘ㄽ’ in nouns. In the case of nouns, it clearly appeared that there tended to be more stem restructurings, which occurred under the influence of consonant cluster simplification, than optional realization of consonant cluster simplifications. In the case of ‘ㄳ’ in particular, the restructuring varied according to words even though it was the same consonant cluster.
Section 3.2 focused on the verbal consonant clusters ‘ㄺ, ㄼ, ㄿ’ which showed optional realizations. Stem-final consonant clusters ‘ㄺ’ in verbs appeared to be realized in various ways before ‘ㄱ’. This was understood to result from dissimilation and rely on regional characteristics.
Section 3.3 analyzes overall the characteristics of consonant cluster simplification discussed in the previous sections. The characteristics of the consonant clusters according to their types, the characteristics regarding the realization of the consonant clusters according to word categories, and the regional characteristics of the realization patterns were analyzed from various perspectives.
The present work is significant in that it examines quantitatively the realization patterns in order to provide an objective account of the various tendencies in consonant cluster simplification.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론
• 1.1. 연구 목적
• 1.2. 연구 대상
• 1.3. 연구 방법
• 1.4. 선행 연구
• 제2장 자음군 단순화에 대한 이론적 탐색
• 2.1. 자음군 단순화의 음운론적 원리와 과정
• 2.2. 자음군 단순화를 위한 어간말 자음군의 유형 설정
• 제3장 어간말 자음군 단순화의 실현 양상과 음운론적 해석
• 3.1. 체언 어간말 자음군 실현 양상의 분포와 변화
• 3.1.1. ‘ㄺ, ㄼ’의 실현 양상의 분포와 변화
• 3.1.2. ‘ㄳ, ㅄ’ 실현 양상의 분포와 변화
• 3.1.3. ‘ㄽ’ 실현 양상의 분포와 변화
• 3.2. 용언 어간말 자음군 실현 양상의 분포와 변화
• 3.2.1. ‘ㄺ’ 실현 양상의 분포와 변화
• 3.2.2. ‘ㄼ’ 실현 양상의 분포와 변화
• 3.2.3. ‘ㄿ’ 실현 양상의 분포와 변화
• 3.3. 자음군 단순화 실현 양상에 대한 음운론적 해석
• 제4장 결론
• 참고문헌
• Abstract