저압용 전기설비 절연체의 화재 위험성에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study systematically analyzes the fire hazard associated with the degradation of insulation materials used in low-voltage electrical installations through a series of comprehensive experiments. The experiments included accelerated degradation based on the Arrhenius equation, insulation resistance measurements under varying temperature and humidity conditions, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses to investigate degradation mechanisms, moisture absorption tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for thermal stability assessment, and evaluations of Glow Wire Ignition Temperature (GWIT) and Comparative Tracking Index (CTI) to determine fire risk factors.
Five insulation materials—Polyurethane, Bakelite, Polyethylene, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), and Monomer-Cast Nylon were selected to compare and evaluate changes in insulation performance and fire hazard during their degradation processes. Insulation resistance measurements revealed a decrease in all materials except polyethylene under increased temperature and humidity conditions. SEM and FT-IR analyses identified pore formation and additive loss due to chemical oxidation as primary contributors to the reduction in insulation performance during degradation. Moisture absorption tests highlighted material-specific behaviors, with Bakelite and Polyurethane exhibiting increased absorption, while Polyethylene and Polyvinyl Chloride demonstrated superior moisture resistance.
Thermal properties were evaluated through TGA and compared with GWIT and CTI results to assess fire Hazard. Materials with higher thermal residue showed better thermal stability but exhibited reduced CTI performance due to conductive char formation. Conversely, low-residue materials like Polyethylene demonstrated high CTI but low GWIT, indicating a trade-off between thermal stability and ignition resistance.
The findings suggest that selection of insulation materials must balance thermal stability, residue characteristics, and electrical tracking resistance to ensure long-term reliability and safety. This study provides critical insights for the design and selection of insulation materials, contributing to improved safety standards for electrical installations.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차 ⅰ
• 표 목 차 ⅲ
• 그림목차 ⅳ
• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
• 2. 전기설비 절연체 3
• 1) 절연체의 종류 및 특성 3
• 2) 국내·외 연구 동향 5
• 3. 연구의 범위와 구성 6
• Ⅱ. 본 론 7
• 1. 가속열화에 따른 절연체의 절연 특성 분석 7
• 1) 가속열화시험 7
• 2) 절연체의 절연저항 실험구성 및 방법 12
• 3) 온도 및 습도 변화에 따른 절연체의 절연저항 특성 분석 14
• 4) 열화에 따른 전기설비의 절연 성분 분석 22
• (1) SEM을 통한 표면 분석 22
• (2) FT-IR을 통한 성분 분석 24
• 2. 가속열화에 따른 절연체의 흡수율 특성 분석 29
• 1) 절연체의 흡수율 실험구성 및 방법 29
• 2) 절연체의 흡수율 실험 분석 결과 30
• 3. 가속열화에 따른 화재 위험성 분석 32
• 1) 트래킹 화재 및 트래킹 지수 특성 32
• (1) 트래킹 시험 구성 및 방법 33
• (2) 트래킹 시험 분석 결과 34
• 2) 글로우 와이어 착화 온도 시험 특성 36
• (1) 글로우 와이어 착화 온도 시험 구성 및 방법 36
• (2) 글로우 와이어 착화 온도 시험 분석 결과 37
• 3) TGA를 통한 화재 위험성 비교·분석 42
• Ⅲ. 결 론 47
• 참 고 문 헌 49
• 영 문 초 록 54
• 감 사 의 글 56