Cities constantly change, and urban form is an important factor influencing urban evolution. With rapid industrial growth and urbanization, sustainable urban
planning is becoming increasingly important, especially in dealing with air pollution proble...
Cities constantly change, and urban form is an important factor influencing urban evolution. With rapid industrial growth and urbanization, sustainable urban
planning is becoming increasingly important, especially in dealing with air pollution problems.
This research aims to understand the relationship between city form attributes, namely density and diversity of land use, with accessibility and air quality, especially Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions in Surakarta. Data from the Surakarta city statistics agency in 2023 regarding five sub-districts with different densities and land use diversity in Surakarta, namely Laweyan, Serengan, Pasar Kliwon, Jebres, and Banjarsari, was used in this research as well as using statistical analysis in the form of Pearson correlation, clustering analysis, descriptive analysis, Simpson diversity, and presenting results in the form of illustrations/graphs.
The research results show that there are three forms of city in Surakarta, each with different characteristics of density and diversity of land use. The main finding is a significant relationship between density and diversity of land use and the level of accessibility. Areas with moderate density and diverse land uses tend to have better accessibility.
This study further analyzes the air quality in Surakarta. The results showed that SO2 emissions increased with increasing population and building density but
decreased with increasing employment density and open areas. On the other hand, NO2 emissions tend to increase with the density of buildings, employment, and commercial and industrial areas but decrease with the increase of open areas.
In the context of environmental conservation and sustainable urban planning, these findings underscore the importance of developing and preserving open areas as a strategy to reduce air pollution and improve the quality of life of Surakarta residents.
The results of this research can provide valuable guidance for future environmental and urban policies, enabling the government and stakeholders to take concrete action to address the air pollution problem in Surakarta.