충남 서북부 지역 펜션의 환경 실태 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

1. Since 1970, the accelerated economic growth of South Korea has caused enormous problems in all aspects of society, which still remains unresolved. The primary industry in South Korea had transitioned from agriculture to urban industry, which caused a mass influx of people to migrate into the cities. Once modest farming and fishing communities transformed itself to meet global markets and the people accommodated these transitions by moving into the urban areas.
These changes shook the very infrastructure of the nation?s economy because there was no system in place to meet the housing needs of the masses that arrived in the cities, the subsequent real estate issues, and the shortage of public facilities. Because of the speed in which these changes took place, prior planning for solutions to these problems was not considered. The greatest impact of this economic transition lied in the resulting inequity that prevailed for the citizens of the country.
The disparity of wealth manifested itself in the quality of education, opportunities for labor and occupation, widespread poverty, earning differentials between urban and rural communities, along with a plethora of other social, cultural and economic problems, which are all issues yet to be addressed by the South Korean government. These issues were largely caused by South Korea?s unbalanced concentration on industrial development, which compromised the standard of living for its citizens.
Despite its size, South Korea was able to climb the ranks in the global market to position itself as an economically powerful country, ranking eleventh in the world. In an incredibly short lapse of time, South Korea?s economy has accelerated into a great economic force. While the general population made sacrifices, some provisions for urban areas have been introduced such as the five-day per week work calendar, which allows for the urban population to utilize their time for leisure. Convenient transportation and Internet connection also provided an outlet for this newfound freedom.
First, this affords them the opportunity to travel into the mountains or back to nature, since they spend most of there lives in the urban area. Second, this gives them the opportunity to travel back to their hometowns to visit places of their youth or memory?s of their past.
Pension has become one of the significant places for people who come from urban areas to rest with nature. Pension is being used not only for the residence but also it?s being used as the method of income to rural communities since the only type of income in rural community is agricultural farming. Other then farming, Pension can be another important source of income for these areas. On one hand, Pension is growing really fast as a multi-functional place. It can be used as the convenient atmosphere for dwelling, better accessibilities, attain thematic goals, satisfaction of customers, increasing ecological amenity, connection with a picturesque place of cultural regions based on experiences in agricultural scenery.
On the other hand, Pension is usually located in beautiful untouched natural surroundings, unpolluted, and unindustrialized. Pension should be helpful in saving our nature, decrease economical burden to the environment, and keep the ecosystem in its natural state. So a lot of factors should be considered here to save our nature and expand Pension nationwide.
The present research suggested creating the idealistic Pension through theological examination. Analysis of the trend by Pension range all over Chungnam Province, the general idea for architecture of favoring natural environment.
2. Theological examination of the research
I approached this research theologically to present the topic by searching separate volumes, publications of thesis for the degree. Therefore, I could prove the general idea for sceneries of nature. the outline, the many-sided conception, the patterns, the grade of rank, the origin and the notion for Pension, the term of the architecture that favor natural environment, (ESSD) environmentally sound and sustainable development, ecological architectures, and the way to keep the symbiotic relationship between Pension and natural environment.
3. Through the analytical research which is including Pensions all over in
Eastern to North at Chungnam Province, I resolved these Pensions by geographical, the way of construction, finish materials- for stories, outer walls, and roofs-, the direction of frontal arrangement, gardening for various species of trees as factors. First of all, for the geographical analysis, it was divided into couple of patterns such as, seashore areas, hilly districts, mountain regions, and the waterside. For the architectural analysis, it was divided into wood-carving, steal structure, stacks or concrete, and yellow earth pattern. And the last, I analyzed how Pension influenced on natural environment.
4. Problems of Pension and the solution
There are three types of Pension in South Korea. First, it?s being operated as a separate policy from the residential area due to maintaining rural communities. Second, it?s being operated as professional lodging licensed business. Third, it?s being operated by the special law of development in Jejudo so it?s used as a resort. The existence value of Pension is not just for residence and lodging. Pension helped the abandoned rural communities to get some sort of fund and population from urban areas. It was a remarkable result because even the South Korean government could not prevent the rural communities to become hollow in spite of the large budget plan to help the rural areas. Right now, the South Korean government should give acknowledgement too Pension, that it can be a big part of the rural communities future, so they can support Pension with better policies to get the best out of it. However, if there is too many limitations for Pensions , especially in trying to get licenses, construction permits it will only delay or stop economic growth in rural areas.
As a practical solution, it?s time to have the guideline for the figure, disposition, specific distances, and gardening of the construction for Pension. Of course, there must be the huge self-renewal to reduce the limitations on the number of guest rooms allowed, and the size of the Pension for constructions. In addition, the accurate policy gives the binding power to make and keep the harmony of Pension and environment, ecological construction, protective way for species of mountains and forests, amenity, and sound leisure for families and groups. After all, unlike other lodging business (Hotel, Motel, Inn, and resort), Pension could directly contribute to the growing income for people of rural communities. If there?s no other way to get rid of the current policy, we cannot protect or enjoy our natural environment.
5. Factors and guidelines of construction for ecological friendly Pension
We should not forget that the most important fact for Pension construction is again, keep harmony with our mother nature, distribution of other atmosphere, and no pollution caused by constructions. So we can focus on having sound body through beautiful nature and appropriate leisure.
6. Conclusion
Nowadays, the trend of our whole society is the dwindling of agriculture, due to overflowing influence from Western culture. Capitalism agitates the culture of consumption, but our resources are exhausted by the endless consumption. In the end, the pollution from the consumption can?t be failed to notice. The five-day week influenced a lot to the leisure with lodging so it created the new trend. One of the new trends is Pension which is being paid attention from everywhere. There are not only a lot of positive effects of Pension, but also negative effects. First, the problem between ecosystem and sceneries of nature, second, the communication issues of rural communities, third, the pollution and the factor to prevent it, fourth, it?s improvement of policies.
First-the ecosystem and nature were revised by Pension of some specified region so it caused ill-balanced development, and the inefficiency of land. Plus, the quality of public facilities has been low. So for the best efficiency which is both better for rural communities and our mother nature, we have to make the development that can keep harmony with nature. For instance, do not revise natural features to expand the road, limited usage of wooden materials-just enough to set floor- to save trees, introduce pilotis style to minimize the waste of soils. So it can prevent ill-balanced development of Pension in limited areas and we have to use natural materials instead of using materials that contain harmful chemicals to all nature.
Second-communication is insignificant in rural communities. Majority of people in rural communities agree with that there?s no more profit from their farmland after opening international markets were introduced in South Korea. The production cost is rising annually but farm prices have been lower and lower. That means, the new trend of agriculture is not being focused on quantities, but qualities. There?s a lot more competition for agricultural products than ever. The Policy, Green Tourism, provided by South Korean Government is the solution for the competitive agricultural industries. The ministry of government affairs and home affairs is now ready to propose a new plan for rural communities called by
?AREUMMAEUL?, which means beautiful town. The ministry of environment is ready to propose the excellence eco-environment town, movement of constructions for better farmland is the promoting business of Gangwon-do, and the agricultural cooperative is trying to create ?Farm Stay Maeul? to protect nature and stimuli the growing income for communities. However, the point is, even though agriculture and tourism can make more income to the rural communities, there are many difficulties as well. For example, currently, rural communities are facing an aging society problem so only elders are staying in the community. That means rural communities lack of qualified labors such as professional young people and experts in agricultural fields. Just a few rural communities succeeded with Green Tourism. Whereas around those rural communities got succeeded with operation Pension. Although South Korean Government invested a lot of money to support rural communities by Green Tourism, their Hostels are not popular so we have to think of a better solution. Either Pension or Green Tourism, both shares the same purpose. That is, let urban people take some rest with farms while protecting the nature by cultivating lake, swampy place, and pond to keep hydrophilic areas. So the people who stressed out from the city can enjoy and recollect their beautiful memories about the countryside, which can distribute more incomes to rural communities. Pension should not be just new looking business but convivial business partner for communities. It can help the communities by highly skilled maintenance to make better lodging business so it can grow together with the communities.
Third-Most Pension is being intended to construct as complex rather than constructed as individuals so it shares the facilities with communities, and aid the firm ground without pollution. Pension-complex-constructions are not the kind that contaminate water or pollute the nature. That?s the best part of Pension. For that, we can use natural lighting and wind power, keep rainwater from the rainfall, save energy through operate centralized power that effectively handle domestic waste water. Especially the solar energy and wind force, and waste heat recovery must be used efficiently. Moreover, Pension should not be clustered together at the same region. Unnaturally cutting the ground, retaining wall has to be limited to protect the nature. Also, use materials for construction like green materials or materials that can be recycled later. The business manager has to keep an eye on where the domestic waste, polluted water, and other dangerous waste materials were being dumped legally, so these wastes cannot be dumped to the nature illegally.
Fourth-strict controls of policies. Pension is located in many areas where beautiful scenery, especially touring site has. However, there?s none of resources that related with Pension because the executive agency doesn?t have it at all. ?How many Pensions are in South Korea? , which region has the most Pensions, what are policies for domestic waste, and what about current usage of water resources?? There?s no answer for these questions yet. If we don?t consider the policy about Pension carefully, anyone could just construct a Pension at anytime, at anywhere then our beautiful nature can?t last long. Cleary, it will directly affect our ecosystem.
The executive agency must establish laws immediately, which controls development of Pensions and protect the natural environment through, define the definition first to obtain the goal as sound leisure place while protecting nature. There must be the proper policies and plans to operate the business which is related with Pension so we can have the sound economic climate and development seeking cultures out of Pension.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ.서론 = 1
• 1.1 연구의 배경 및 목적 = 1
• 1.2 연구의 범위 및 방법 = 2
• 1.3 연구흐름도 = 3
• Ⅱ. 연구의 이론적 고찰 = 4
• 2.1 자연경관의 개념 = 4
• 2.2 자연 경관의 유형 = 5
• 2.3 펜션의 유래 및 개념 = 6
• 2.4 환경 친화적 펜션 건축의 개념 = 8
• Ⅲ. 충남 서북부 권역에 분포한 Pension의 실태 = 13
• 3.1 실태조사결과 = 13
• 3.1.1 현재 충남 서북부 지역의 현황 = 13
• 3.1.2 지형적인 분류 = 13
• 3.1.3 건축 방식 = 19
• 3.1.4 펜션의 층수 = 28
• 3.1.5 건축물 외벽 마감 자재의 종류 = 29
• 3.1.6 건축물 지붕 마감자재의 종류 = 30
• 3.1.7 펜션 건축물의 전면향 = 31
• 3.1.8 조경 분야에 대한 조사 및 식재수종 = 31
• 3.1.9 시각적 복잡성 = 33
• 3.1.10 펜션이 인문사회적으로 미친 영향 = 34
• Ⅳ. Case study 결과 = 36
• 4.1 제도적 문제점 = 36
• 4.2 난개발문제 = 37
• 4.3 펜션 환경의 개선방안 = 37
• 4.4 환경친화적 펜션건축의 계획 = 39
• 4.5 어메니티 자원의 활용과 지역의 연계 = 40
• Ⅴ. 결론 = 42
• 참고문헌 = 45
• ABSTRACT = 46
• 부록 = 54