어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계 : 부부관계의 매개효과 = The Relation between Family-of-origin Attachment and Parenting Behavior of Mothers: Mediating Effects of Marital Relationship

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 어머니의 원가족 애착경험 및 부부관계와 양육행동 간의 관계를 비롯하여 부부관계가 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계에서 매개적 역할을 하는지를 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위해 경기도 A시에 위치한 3개의 초등학교 1, 2학년 자녀를 둔 341명의 어머니들을 대상으로 질문지법을 사용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 어머니의 원가족 애착경험은 Hazan과 Shaver(1992)의 성인애착척도를 번안·수정한 곽소현(2005)의 척도를 사용하였고, 부부관계는 Olsen, Fournier & Druckmen(1982)의 부부관계정도와 Snyder(1981)의 MSI를 우리나라의 부부관계 측정에 맞게 수정·보완한 강인향(2009)의 척도를 사용하였다. 어머니의 양육행동은 Schaefer(1965)의 어머니 양육행동 모형을 번안·수정한 백종화(2009)의 척도를 사용하였다. 자료 분석을 위해 변인들 간의 상관계수를 산출하였고, 단순회귀분석과 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다.
본 연구의 주요 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.
첫째, 어머니가 원가족 애착경험을 안정적으로 지각할수록 온정·수용 양육행동을 더 많이 하고, 허용·방임과 거부·제재 양육행동을 적게 하였다.
둘째, 어머니가 배우자의 애정교환, 성격, 의사소통, 생활태도에 대해 만족할수록 온정·수용 양육행동을 더 많이 하고, 허용·방임과 거부·제재 양육행동을 적게 하였다.
셋째, 어머니가 원가족 애착경험을 안정적으로 지각할수록 배우자와의 애정적인 교환, 배우자의 성격에 대한 만족, 배우자와의 원활한 의사소통, 배우자의 생활태도에 대한 만족이 높았다.
넷째, 부부관계의 하위요인 중 배우자와의 애정적인 교환, 배우자의 성격에 대한 만족, 배우자와의 원활한 의사소통, 배우자의 생활태도에 대한 만족이 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계에서 완전 매개 혹은 부분 매개 역할을 하였다.
본 연구는 매개모형을 토대로 어머니의 양육행동에 미치는 어머니 특성 변인과 맥락 특성 변인의 관계를 통합적으로 살펴봄으로써 어머니의 원가족 애착경험, 부부관계, 양육행동의 세 변인 간의 관계를 밝혔다. 또한 친정어머니를 비롯하여 친정아버지와의 과거 애착경험의 중요성과 현재의 밀접한 관계인 부부관계의 중요한 역할을 확인함으로써 어머니의 양육행동에 대한 이해를 넓히고자 한 점에서 의의가 있다. 이러한 연구결과는 긍정적인 부부관계와 부모-자녀 관계 형성을 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between family-of-origin attachment, marital relationship and parenting behavior of mothers and also to examine if marital relationship played a mediating role in the relation between family-of-origin attachment and parenting behavior. For this purpose, a questionnaire survey was carried out to 341 mothers of elementary school 1st and 2nd graders at three elementary schools in Gyeonggi-do to collect data. family-of-origin attachment of mothers was analyzed by the scale of Kwak, So Hyeon(2005) which adapted and revised Hazan and Shaver(1992)' Adult Attachment Scale. Marital relationship was analyzed by using the scale of Kang, In Hyang(2009). Parenting behavior of mothers was analyzed by using the scale of Paek, Jong Hwa(2009) which adapted and revised Schaefer(1965)'s model of parenting behavior of mothers. To analyze data, the correlation coefficient was calculated between variables, and simple regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were carried out.
Major results of this study are summarized as follows.
Firstly, if family-of-origin attachment of mothers was stable, they had more Warmth·Acceptance parenting and less Permissiveness·Nonintervention, Rejection·Restriction parenting.
Secondly, if mothers were satisfied with husband's love exchange, personality, communication and living attitude, they had more Warmth·Acceptance parenting and less Permissiveness· Nonintervention, Rejection·Restriction parenting.
Thirdly, if they had higher stable in their family-of-origin attachment, they had higher satisfaction in husband's love exchange, personality, communication and living attitude.
Fourthly, in the marital relationship of husband's love exchange, personality, communication and living attitude played a perfect mediating or partial mediating role in the relation between family-of-origin attachment and parenting behavior.
This study is significant in that it examined the relation between family-of-origin attachment, marital relationship and parenting behavior of mothers, and confirmed an important role of attachment of the past to father including attachment to mother and marital relationship that is closely related to the current in order to expand understanding of parenting behavior of mothers. Such results could be used as basic resources for positive marital relationship and parent-child relationship.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문초록 ······································································· ⅶ
• Ⅰ. 서론 ········································································ 1
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 ······························································ 6
• 1. 어머니의 양육행동 ··················································· 6
• 2. 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계 ········· 9
• 3. 부부관계와 어머니의 양육행동 간의 관계 ·················· 12
• 4. 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 부부관계 간의 관계 ········ 14
• 5. 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계에서
• 부부관계의 매개적 역할 ··········································· 16
• Ⅲ. 연구문제 및 용어정의 ··············································· 19
• 1. 연구문제 ······························································· 19
• 2. 용어정의 ······························································· 20
• 1) 어머니의 원가족 애착경험 ···································· 20
• 2) 부부관계 ···························································· 21
• 3) 어머니의 양육행동 ·············································· 21
• Ⅳ. 연구방법 ································································· 22
• 1. 연구대상 ······························································· 22
• 2. 조사도구 ······························································· 25
• 1) 어머니의 원가족 애착경험 ···································· 25
• 2) 부부관계 ···························································· 25
• 3) 어머니의 양육행동 ·············································· 26
• 3. 조사절차 및 자료분석 ············································· 28
• 1) 조사절차 ···························································· 28
• 2) 자료분석 ···························································· 28
• Ⅴ. 연구결과 ································································· 30
• 1. 기초분석 ······························································· 30
• 2. 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계 ········ 31
• 3. 부부관계와 어머니의 양육행동 간의 관계 ·················· 32
• 4. 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 부부관계 간의 관계 ········ 33
• 5. 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계에서
• 부부관계의 매개적 역할 ··········································· 34
• 1) 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계에서
• 부부관계(애정교환)의 매개적 역할 ·························· 35
• 2) 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계에서
• 부부관계(성격만족)의 매개적 역할 ·························· 40
• 3) 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계에서
• 부부관계(의사소통)의 매개적 역할 ·························· 46
• 4) 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계에서
• 부부관계(생활태도)의 매개적 역할 ·························· 51
• Ⅵ. 논의 및 결론 ··························································· 56
• 1. 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계 ········ 56
• 2. 부부관계와 어머니의 양육행동 간의 관계 ·················· 58
• 3. 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 부부관계 간의 관계 ········ 60
• 4. 어머니의 원가족 애착경험과 양육행동 간의 관계에서
• 부부관계의 매개적 역할 ··········································· 61
• 참고문헌 ······························································ 68
• 부록 ···································································· 80
• 영문초록 ······································································ 89