외상성 소뇌 손상 흰쥐에서 환경강화가 운동기능과 BDNF 발현에 미치는 영향 = (The) Effect of Environmental Enrichment on Motor Performance and Expression of BDNF after Traumatic Cerebellar Injury in the Rat

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purposes of this study were to test the effect of balance training and environmental enrichment on motor performance and expression of BDNF after traumatic cerebellar injury in the rat.
Traumatic cerebellar injury was induced by weight drop model and after operation they were housed in individual standard cages for 24 hours. Twenty two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into control and experimental groups. The control group was sacrificed at 24 hours after traumatic cerebellar injury. The experimental group I was housed in standard cage for 7 days. The experimental group II was housed in standard cage after balance training for 7 days. The experimental group III was housed in environmental enrichment cage after balance training for 7 days.
Vestibular drop test and tilting plane test was examined at preoperation on 1st day after operation and 7th day after operation to the rats. After 7th day, the rats were sacrificed and cryostat coronal sections were processed individually in goat polyclonal anti-BDNF antibody. The morphologic characteristics and the BDNF expression were investigated in injured hemisphere section and contralateral brain section from immunohistochemistry using light microscope.
The results of this experiment were as follows:
1. In motor behavioral test, before operation and on 1 day after operation, the outcomes were not different among the groups. But on 7th day after operation, the outcomes of group II were better than that in group I, and group III were better than group II.
2. In control group, cell bodies in lateral nucleus of cerebellum, superior vestibular nucleus, purkinje cell layer of cerebellum and pontine nucleus changed morphologically.
3. The expression of BDNF in contralateral hemisphere of group II and group III were revealed but the positive cell number and level were different.
4. On 7th day after operation, immunohistochemical response of BDNF in lateral nucleus, superior vestibular nucleus, purkinje cell layer and pontine nucleus appeared higher in group II and group III than in group I, and most highly expressed in group III.
These results suggest that behavioral motor outcome by simultaneously application of balance training and environmental enrichment in traumatic cerebellar injured rats were more improve than that by just balance training. It is associate with altered expression of BDNF in traumatic brain injured region and related with brain plasticity.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 = 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 = 6
• 3. 연구의 가설 = 6
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 7
• 1. 외상성 뇌손상의 손상 기전 = 7
• 1) 일차 타격(primary impact) = 7
• 2) 이차 상해(secondary damage) = 8
• 3) 이차 상해에서의 생화학적인 변화 = 8
• 2. 외상성 뇌손상과 소뇌의 신경학적 연결 = 11
• 3. 외상성 뇌손상과 소뇌에서의 운동 학습과 조절 = 13
• 4. 외상성 뇌손상에서의 신경 가소성 = 14
• 5. 외상성 뇌손상과 균형 훈련 = 15
• 6. 외상성 뇌손상과 환경 강화 = 16
• 7. 소뇌의 외상성 뇌손상과 BDNF = 17
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 = 19
• 1. 실험동물 = 19
• 2. 실험방법 = 20
• 1) 실험적 외상성 소뇌 손상 유발 = 20
• 2) 균형 훈련의 적용 = 20
• 3) 환경 강화 적용 = 21
• 3. 측정 = 22
• 1) 신경학적 운동 행동 검사 = 22
• (1) 전정 낙하 검사(vestibular drop test) = 22
• (2) 경사판 검사(tilting plane testing) = 22
• 2) 조직학적 검사 = 22
• (1) 면역 조직화학적 반응 = 23
• (2) 슬라이드 제작 = 23
• 4. 자료처리 및 분석 = 24
• Ⅳ. 결과 = 25
• 1. 신경학적 운동 행동 검사 = 25
• 1) 전정 낙하 검사 = 25
• 2) 경사판 검사(tilting plane testing) = 31
• 2. 세포형태와 BDNF의 면역반응성 비교 = 37
• 1) 외측핵(lateral nucleus)에서의 BDNF의 발현 = 37
• 2) 푸르킨예 세포층(purkinje cell layer)에서의 세포 형태와 BDNF의 발현 = 38
• 3) 상전정핵(superior vestibular nucleus)에서의 세포 형태와 BDNF의 발현 = 38
• 4) 교뇌핵(pontine nucleus)에서의 세포 형태와 BDNF의 발현 = 39
• Ⅴ. 고찰 = 45
• Ⅵ. 결론 = 52
• 참고문헌 = 54
• Abstract = 63
• Legend for Figures = 65