In 1997, specific plans and obligations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions due to global warming were adopted by the Kyoto Protocol at the 3rd Conference Of the Parties (COP3) and the aviation sector was excluded from its application due to its strong...
In 1997, specific plans and obligations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions due to global warming were adopted by the Kyoto Protocol at the 3rd Conference Of the Parties (COP3) and the aviation sector was excluded from its application due to its strong international character. It was decided to discuss the matter at ICAO.
Accordingly, In 2016, ICAO decided on ANNEX16 VOL.4 Carbon Offset Reduction Scheme International Aviation (CORSIA) that aims to freeze greenhouse gas emissions from international aviation to the 2020 level. Korea officially declared its participation on September 23, 2016, and was designated as a Supporting State in the Buddy partnerships 3rd Phase (2020-2022), requiring support and policy examples at the national level.
In airlines, which are service providers, ESG Management is introduced and related investments and efforts are being made to achieve the carbon offset reduction target presented by CORSIA.
In terms of aircraft operation, various approaches are being made for each flight stage or field, but the goal achievement strategy is concentrated on the flight management aspect, and the reality is that study and application of departure procedures in the terminal airspace are relatively insufficient.
Therefore, in this study, using AEDT (Aviation Environmental Design Tool) developed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), focused on Incheon International Airport, B787-9, An eco-friendly flight strategy was implemented by improving departure procedures within the terminal airspace. The GHGs of the NADP1 and NADP2 procedures currently established at Incheon International Airport were quantitatively calculated for each weight/thrust setting condition, and an improved reduction departure procedure within the design scope of ICAO DOC 8168 was presented and verified.
To summarize the study results, it was confirmed that the fuel consumption of NADP 2, which has a direct effect on greenhouse gas emissions, was about -5.1% less than that of NADP 1 at the departure, and the higher the thrust setting, the lower the greenhouse gas emission. In addition, it was concluded that the higher the thrust reduction altitude of NADP 1, the lower the greenhouse gas emission, and the lower the NADP 2 speed increase altitude, the lower the greenhouse gas emission.
All greenhouse gas emissions, including fuel consumption, were reduced by around 0.5% on average when the NADP 2 procedure was applied at an 800ft speed increase altitude, showing a relatively greater reduction than the amount of emissions reduced by changing the thrust reduction altitude of NADP 1.
From the operational point of view, this study served as an opportunity for pilots to recognize that performing procedures to save fuel in aircraft operation is not simply for the purpose of generating profits, but for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
And, from the airline side, quantitative analysis and presentation of air pollutant emission reductions within the terminal airspace contributed to the achievement of CORSIA goals and the environmental efforts of ESG Management.
From a national point of view, although the reduction effect is not numerically satisfactory, it is expected that these efforts will serve as a good example as an ICAO CORSIA Supporting States.
The data calculated in this study is based on the B787-9 aircraft, so there may be a slight difference from the greenhouse gas reduction rate of other aircraft. Due to limitations in study tools and limited study topics, impact assessment on the engine life cycle and noise impact assessment were not performed.
Therefore, the engine life cycle effect and noise impact assessment of the high thrust take-off method proposed in this study, the NADP 2 speed increase altitude downward method, should be promoted as a future study task.