Most of countries consist of cities today. People's desire to enjoy the arts and culture of these cities is increasing, while an urban space on the ground is becoming increasingly narrow. Therefore, the value of the cultural and artistic space created...
Most of countries consist of cities today. People's desire to enjoy the arts and culture of these cities is increasing, while an urban space on the ground is becoming increasingly narrow. Therefore, the value of the cultural and artistic space created in the underground space of the city is becoming more and more important. There are various types of cultural and artistic spaces built inside subway stations in Korea. The research in this paper was conducted on this question: How can these cultural and artistic spaces create a more pleasant and convenient subway environment and implement an Amenity inside subway stations?
The purpose of this study is to present a direction to create a cultural and artistic space that can enhance the quality of life of urban people by deriving the characteristics of the Cultural and Artistic Amenity Spaces for subway stations. The conceptual scope of this study is urban Amenity and urban underground space, and physical research is the space of subway stations that are deeply related to the lives of urban people among urban underground spaces. The study was conducted through fieldwork and online research methods.
Each chapter of this thesis was constructed according to the flow: "Recognition for the value of the Cultural and Artistic Amenity Spaces→Conceptualization of Amenity and Subway Station and Urban Underground Space→Finding the Characteristics of Cultural and Artistic Amenity Spaces in Subway Stations→Analyze advanced cases of overseas countries and draw up implications→Domestic Case Analysis→Establishing the value of Cultural and Artistic Amenity Space”
In Chapter 1, "Recognition for the value of the Cultural and Artistic Amenity Space” phase, this study recognized the importance of underground space in urban space and stated that it was different from existing studies by considering subway stations as one urban space in this paper.
In Chapter 2, "Conceptualization of Amenity and Subway Station and Urban Underground Space” phase, this study examined the concept of the amenity and the inner space of subway station as an urban underground area through a theoretical examination. It has also seen the changes and trends of the Amenity, in which the importance of the Cultural and Artistic Amenity among urban Amenities is increasing.
In Chapter 3, "Finding the Characteristics of Cultural and Artistic Amenity Spaces in Subway Stations” phase, the previous research papers were analyzed to find the design characteristics being necessary for implementing the Amenity of the Subway Station's space.
In Chapter 4, "Analyze advanced cases of overseas countries and draw up implications” phase, five areas were selected for each of the advanced case targets by making a checklist based on the Cultural and Artistic Amenity space characteristics and details derived from Chapter 3. Due to time and physical constraints, online survey methods were analyzed actively rather than field survey methods, and success factors and implications were derived based on case analysis results. In Chapter 4, "Domestic Case Analysis” phase, for the selected eight cases, specific analysis was carried out through a field survey using the space characteristics and details derived from Chapter 3. The analysis results were displayed in diagrams and score charts to identify the status of creating cultural and artistic spaces in the subway stations in Korea.
In the final phase of "Establishing the value of Cultural and Artistic Amenity Space” in Chapter 5, the value of the Cultural and Artistic Amenity space in subway stations was established based on conclusions drawn from domestic and advanced case analyses overseas, and future research tasks were presented .
The conclusions of this study are summarized into four sections:
First, the five Cultural and Artistic Amenity Space Features, including Social characteristics, Regional characteristics, Cultural characteristics, Economic characteristics, and Aesthetic characteristics, were derived from the analysis of the preceding research papers related to urban underground space and subway station.
Second, the following implications were derived from the analysis of advanced overseas cases: In an environment where various ethnic groups and classes use subways, New York, the U.S., has implemented social integration through mutual interest between the government and the private sector. Bilbao, Spain, has successfully implemented Regional characteristics by creating a subway station itself as a local landmark and closely linking it with the lives of local residents. Beijing, China, has successfully implemented Cultural characteristics in the inner space of subway stations based on the city's ancient history and splendid cultural heritage. Hong Kong successfully implemented Economic characteristics in the inner space of subway stations by operating an efficient, safe and profitable subway system. Berlin, Germany, was able to re-open the subway station, which was shut down during the Cold War, with a bright and vibrant atmosphere, and successfully embodied Aesthetic characteristics of the space inside the subway station.
Third, advanced overseas case studies have shown that both the government's policy support and active participation of residents in implementing Social characteristics and Regional characteristics are important factors. It was found that the implementation of government-level projects was a relatively important factor in the implementation of Economic characteristics and Aesthetic characteristics rather than the active participation of residents. And, rich cultural heritages and cultural resources originally held by the region itself were important factors in the implementation of Cultural characteristics.
Fourth, the cultural and artistic spaces in the subway stations in Korea are not enough to be used as a place for social integration, and the user demand for the cultural and artistic spaces in the subway stations is also rather insufficient. This is because the creation of cultural and artistic spaces inside subway stations was mainly led by the government and the residents lacked active participation.
In this study, we derived five Cultural and Artistic Amenity space characteristics of social, regional, cultural, economic, and aesthetic in the implementation of amenity through cultural and artistic spaces created in subway stations, drew up implications for future reference through analysis of advanced overseas cases, and looked at the state of composition through the analysis of domestic cases. As the creation of cultural and artistic spaces inside subway stations expected to become more active, the results of the paper's research are valuable in that it can provide a design direction to create spaces which are advantageous for the implementation of Cultural and Artistic Amenity.