This dissertation consists of two essays on private equity (PE) block-share acquisitions in Korea. The first essay titled “How Do Block-Share Acquisitions by Private Equity Funds Affect ESG Performance? Evidence from the Korean Stock Market” inves...
This dissertation consists of two essays on private equity (PE) block-share acquisitions in Korea. The first essay titled “How Do Block-Share Acquisitions by Private Equity Funds Affect ESG Performance? Evidence from the Korean Stock Market” investigates how private equity ownership affects corporate ESG performance using a novel hand-collected dataset of Korean PE block-share acquisitions from 2012 to 2021. Employing a difference-in-differences approach with matched control firms, we find that PE funds target firms with weaker ESG performance, particularly those with governance deficiencies. Following the block acquisition, PE ownership leads to significant improvements in ESG metrics, with the most pronounced gains in the environmental and governance dimensions emerging by the third year. The impact varies according to the initial governance quality: firms with good governance primarily experience environmental improvements, whereas those with poor governance prioritize governance reforms. Fund characteristics—including ownership concentration, fund size, and sustainable investment orientation—influence the magnitude of these improvements. Our findings indicate that PE investors can drive meaningful sustainability enhancements, although outcomes depend on both investor and target company characteristics.
The second essay titled “Spillover Effects of Block-Share Acquisitions by Private Equity Funds on Peer Firms: Evidence from the Korean Stock Market” examines the spillover effects of private equity block-share acquisitions on industry peers. Using 154 PE transactions in Korea from 2005 to 2021, we analyze immediate stock market reactions through event study methodology and subsequent operating performance changes using panel regression analyses. The results find that target firms experience significant positive cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) of 2.7% to 4.3% concentrated before announcements, while peers show positive CARs of 0.5% to 0.7% after public disclosure. Multivariate regression analyses reveal that peer reactions operate through dual mechanisms, with competitive pressure generating negative effects in highly competitive industries and information signaling creating positive spillovers for undervalued peers. These effects are concentrated among peers smaller than targets, with larger peers showing weak responses. The Analysis on the long-term operating performance shows that targets achieve broad operational improvements including enhanced profitability and governance, while peers improve efficiency but experience declining sales growth and reduced capital expenditures.