Stone brick pagoda is a stone pagoda that build imitating as it is brick pagoda. So, we belong to stone pagoda if it classify into pagoda material, but we are classified by ‘Stone brick pagoda’, because it is taking a brick pagoda style. Also, thi...
Stone brick pagoda is a stone pagoda that build imitating as it is brick pagoda. So, we belong to stone pagoda if it classify into pagoda material, but we are classified by ‘Stone brick pagoda’, because it is taking a brick pagoda style. Also, this pagoda classifies to brick pagoda-stone brick pagoda and stone pagoda-stone brick pagoda according to processing form of stone. This paper put great emphasis on brick pagoda-stone brick pagoda and examines about stone brick pagoda in northern area of Gyeongsangbuk-Do. Specially, brick pagoda-stone brick pagoda divided form by the stylobate, and brick pagoda-stone brick pagoda structure belonging to this form examined the structure, character, building era, building background, etc. of brick pagoda-stone brick pagoda.
First, brick pagoda-stone brick pagoda parts to the stylobate(基壇式) and the no-stylobate(無基檀式). According to this standard, the brick pagoda-stone brick pagoda in northern area of Gyeongsangbuk-Do consist of 4 stylobate and the 1 no-stylobate. The stylobate parted low one story stylobate ,high one story stylobate and multistory stylobate according to form of the stylobate. On the other hand, they had much viewpoint that rock below tower is the stylobate on Young yang Samji-ri stone brick pagoda that classify no-stylobate. But, first of all I think that this pagoda is influenced by a lot of impacts of the brick pagoda in terms of having a lot of characteristics of the brick pagoda. Therefore, this pagoda is not the other stylobate if we see as present image.
Second, the stone brick pagoda in northern area of Gyeongsangbuk-Do is much a common with brick pagoda about structural characteristic and building position etc. Specially, structural characteristic of the brick pagoda is more similar than more 5 floors by contrast tower below 5 floors. However, stone brick pagoda in Young yang is showed the structure of some stone pagoda, I seemed to be influenced by a lot of impacts of stone pagoda in surrounding areas at the time of building.
On the other hand, more 5 floors pagoda was built near the river, and below 5 floors was located deep in the mountains. Generally, the building era of brick pagoda that build near the river earlier than brick pagoda that is located deep in the mountains, if we see the brick pagoda in Andong. Therefore, we think that the building era more 5 floors pagoda earlier than below 5 floors. But, we assume that it is erected after 9th century which do not differ greatly the building era of brick pagoda.
Third, the constitution background of stone brick pagoda in northern area of Gyeongsangbuk-Do can examine the material side and Buddhism thought side. When we see in Buddhism thought side, we assume that the stone brick pagoda in northern area of Gyeongsangbuk-Do is influenced by Hwaom Buddhism(華嚴宗). The brick pagoda-Stone brick pagoda of Building time in this area is in latter 9th century, the time got transmitted Zen Buddhism(禪宗) throughout the area. New Buddhism energy of Zen Buddhism which spread into throughout the area might influence in building of new pagoda, and the pagoda that built in 9th century may speak that it is influenced by Zen Buddhism.
However, it is difficult to judge that pagoda is influenced by Zen Buddhism, because it is strong influenced by Hwaom Buddhism which get transmitted from Unified Silla Kingdom early in northern area of Gyeongsangbuk-Do. Specially, Hwaom Buddhism was extending power erecting 10 Buddhist temple in whole country before Zen Buddhism gets transmitted, one of the 10 temple is Busok-Temple(浮石寺) where it is located in northern area of Gyeongsangbuk-Do. Therefore, monks who study Hwaom Buddhism in Busok-Temple is more likely to erect temple and pagoda in this area.
But, I left the question of whether this area strong influenced by Zen Buddhism because many of general stone pagoda that is built in 9th century remain in Andong-Yeongyang area. However, we assume that stone pagoda is influenced by Zen Buddhism as well as other main branch's effect, because the Eight Guardian Demons's(八部衆象)form differs much with stone pagoda in Kyongju. we can not concluded that it is what on other main branch which affect in stone pagoda building, but it is more likely to be influenced by Hwaom Buddhism that is holding seat in existing.
Therefore, the brick pagoda-stone brick pagoda in northern area of Gyeongsangbuk-Do was built in 9th century, but it is more likely to be influenced by Hwaom Buddhism than Zen Buddhism. Hwaom Buddhism group that erect the brick pagoda in Andong in 8th century are assumed that they built the stone brick pagoda imitating the brick pagoda as extend power to neighborhood area in 9th century.
Then, why are they built not the brick pagoda and the stone brick pagoda? That is why it was easier quarry stone than produce brick that is a brick pagoda's material in this area. There are a lot of sedimentary rocks that have nature splitting well in northern area of Gyeongsangbuk-Do including Yeongyang. Also, because they can search easily around the pagoda, the stone brick pagoda using sedimentary rock built.