경찰 디지털포렌식 조직의 재설계및 적정 업무량 분석 연구

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 경찰의 디지털포렌식 조직체계와 업무량 분석을 위해 직무분석을 실시하 고, 시도경찰청을 중심으로 적정한 소요인력을 산출하여 조직 재설계 및 인력증원 방안을 제시하는 것을 목표로 한다. 연구방법은 디지털포렌식 이론과 조직인력 현황에 대해서 국내·외 학술논문, 연구보고서, 경찰백서, 사건사고 및 판례 등을 중심으로 문헌연구를 하였다. 미국, 영국, 독일, 일본의 디지털포렌식 조직인력과 업무체계에 대해서는 문헌연구를 중심으로 하되 관련분야 전문가의 자문을 받아 보강하였다. 디지 털포렌식 직무분석은 2015년 수행된 경찰 디지털포렌식 조직모델 설계 연구에서 마련된 직무분류표를 기반으로 업무환경과 기술변화 등에 따라서 추가하거나 삭제되어야 할 업무를 고려하고, 분석관을 대상으로 인터뷰를 거쳐 수정·보완을 하였다. 구체 적으로는 문헌연구와 현장방문을 통한 집단·개별 인터뷰, 전문가 자문 등의 방법을 병행하였다.
이를 바탕으로 제2장에서는 디지털포렌식의 개념, 유형과 환경분석을 하였고, 제3 장에서는 경찰의 디지털포렌식 조직현황과 사무분장을 살펴보았다. 제4장은 미국, 영국, 독일, 일본 등 주요국의 디지털포렌식 조직인력과 사무를 조사하고, 제5장에서는 디지털포렌식 직무분석 이론과 직무분류표를 도출하였다. 제6장에서는 직무분석을 바탕으로 적정인력을 산출하였고, 제7장에서는 디지털포렌식 인력증원 및 발전방안을 제시하였다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• 제 1 장 서 론 ··············································································································· 1
• 제 1 절 연구배경 및 필요성 ······························································································· 1
• 제 2 절 연구방법과 범위 ····································································································· 2
• 제 2 장 디지털포렌식 유형과 환경분석 ··································································· 3
• 제 1 절 디지털포렌식 개념 ································································································· 3
• 1. 전통적 디지털포렌식의 개념 ···················································································· 3
• 2. 디지털포렌식 개념의 확장 ························································································ 4
• 제 2 절 디지털포렌식 유형과 분석기술 ············································································ 5
• 1. 디스크포렌식 ··············································································································· 5
• 2. 모바일포렌식 ··············································································································· 7
• 3. 네트워크포렌식 ········································································································· 10
• 4. 데이터베이스포렌식 ·································································································· 11
• 5. 악성코드포렌식 ········································································································· 12
• 6. 음성영상포렌식 ········································································································· 13
• 7. 암호-스테가노그라피포렌식 ···················································································· 16
• 8. 공개출처정보포렌식 ·································································································· 19
• 제 3 절 디지털포렌식 수행절차(SOP) ············································································· 20
• 1. 국내 ····························································································································· 20
• 2. 해외 ····························································································································· 25
• 제 4 절 디지털포렌식 환경분석 ······················································································· 31
• 1. 환경분석 필요성 ······································································································· 31
• 2. 정치·제도적 분석(Political) ····················································································· 32
• 3. 경제적 분석(Economic) ·························································································· 39
• 4. 사회적 분석(Social) ································································································· 41
• 5. 기술적 분석(Technological) ··················································································· 46
• 제 3 장 경찰의 디지털포렌식 조직현황 및 문제점 ············································· 49
• 제 1 절 연혁 ························································································································ 49
• 1. 초창기(사이버범죄수사대) ······················································································· 49
• 2. 성장기(디지털포렌식팀) ··························································································· 49
• 3. 고도화기(디지털포렌식센터) ··················································································· 51
• 제 2 절 조직인력 및 분석현황 ························································································· 52
• 1. 조직인력 ····················································································································· 52
• 2. 분석현황 ····················································································································· 54
• 3. 그간의 추진성과 ······································································································· 55
• 제 3 절 사무분장 ················································································································ 56
• 제 4 절 유관기관 비교 ······································································································ 60
• 1. 대검찰청 ····················································································································· 60
• 2. 국립과학수사연구원 ·································································································· 63
• 제 5 절 한계 ························································································································ 65
• 1. 조직 측면 ··················································································································· 65
• 2. 인력 측면 ··················································································································· 66
• 제 4 장 해외 법집행기관 디지털포렌식 조직 및 시사점 ··································· 68
• 제 1 절 미국 ························································································································ 68
• 1. 연방수사국(FBI) ········································································································ 68
• 2. 지역 컴퓨터 포렌식 연구실(RCFL) ······································································· 71
• 제 2 절 영국 ························································································································ 77
• 1. 국가범죄수사청(NCA) ······························································································· 77
• 2. 법과학 규제 기관(FSR) ··························································································· 80
• 제 3 절 독일 ························································································································ 86
• 1. 연방범죄수사청(BKA) 범죄과학연구소(KT) ·························································· 86
• 2. 노르트라인-베스트팔렌주 경찰청(LKA NRW) ····················································· 92
• 제 4 절 일본 ························································································································ 96
• 1. 경찰청 사이버경찰국 ································································································ 96
• 2. 경시청 수사지원분석센터 ······················································································ 100
• 제 5 절 비교분석 및 시사점 ··························································································· 103
• 제 5 장 경찰 디지털포렌식 직무분석 ·································································· 105
• 제 1 절 분석현황 ·············································································································· 105
• 1. 증거물 분석건수와 인원 현황 ·············································································· 105
• 2. 분석관 1인당 평균 분석건수 ··············································································· 113
• 3. 현장지원 건수 ········································································································· 115
• 제 2 절 직무분석 ·············································································································· 115
• 1. 직무분석의 의의와 목적 ······················································································· 115
• 2. 직무분석의 절차 ····································································································· 117
• 제 3 절 직무분류표 선행연구 검토 ··············································································· 119
• 1. 표준업무절차와 Value Chain ·············································································· 119
• 2. 2015년 디지털포렌식 직무분류 ··········································································· 120
• 제 4 절 직무분류표 설계 ································································································ 125
• 1. 설계 방법 ················································································································· 125
• 2. 직무분류 설계 기준 고려사항 ·············································································· 126
• 3. 직무분류 체계 마련 ······························································································· 132
• 제 6 장 경찰의 디지털포렌식 적정인력 산정 ···················································· 140
• 제 1 절 인력산정 방법론 ································································································ 140
• 제 2 절 직무분석 기반 업무량 분석방법 ····································································· 141
• 1. 기본 산식 ················································································································· 141
• 2. 디지털포렌식 업무의 특수성과 인력산정에서 고려사항 ································· 142
• 3. 직무분석 기반 표준시간 분석결과 ······································································ 146
• 4. 직무분석 기반 소요인력 산정 ·············································································· 175
• 5. 디지털포렌식 잠재적 수요 증가에 따른 필요인력 시나리오 분석 ··············· 178
• 제 7 장 경찰의 디지털포렌식 조직 재설계 및 발전방안 ································· 182
• 제 1 절 조직 재설계 및 인력증원 방안 ······································································· 182
• 1. 시도경찰청 디지털포렌식 전담인력 확충 ·························································· 182
• 2. 디지털포렌식 전담 연구조직 신설 ······································································ 184
• 3. 광역 단위로 다부처 통합형 디지털포렌식센터 구축 ······································· 185
• 제 2 절 법제도적 개선방안 ····························································································· 185
• 1. 가칭 ‘디지털포렌식 진흥법’ 제정 ········································································ 185
• 2. 국가과학기술표준분류에 디지털포렌식 신설 ···················································· 186
• 3. 디지털포렌식 리딩기관으로서 선도적 정책 추진 ············································· 187
• 제 8 장 결 론 ··········································································································· 188