EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A Study on Building a Foundation for Maritime Foreign Strategy in Response to the Transformation of the International Maritime Order Su Jin Park·Jiyeon Choi·?Hyeyeong Lee 1. Background and Purpose ■ The ocean covers three-quar...

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A Study on Building a Foundation for Maritime Foreign Strategy in Response to the Transformation of the International Maritime Order Su Jin Park·Jiyeon Choi·?Hyeyeong Lee 1. Background and Purpose ■ The ocean covers three-quar...
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A Study on Building a Foundation for Maritime Foreign Strategy in Response to the Transformation of the International Maritime Order
Su Jin Park·Jiyeon Choi·?Hyeyeong Lee
1. Background and Purpose
■ The ocean covers three-quarters of the Earth's surface, accounts for 97% of the planet's water, and comprises 99% of the habitable space for living organisms by volume.
- A sustainable ocean economy can contribute to the development and enhanced resilience of coastal and ocean cities, as well as the achievement of carbon neutrality goals. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the total value that can be generated through the ocean economy is estimated at 3-6 trillion dollars annually.
■ The international community faces increasing global supply chain and geopolitical risks. Concurrently, a ‘nexus phenomenon’ is intensifying, where climate, environmental, trade, technological, and security issues increasingly influence one another.
- In response to the paradigm shift in the international maritime order, this study aims to redefine the direction of maritime foreign strategy and derive specific implementation tasks. Through these efforts, the study seeks to maximize national interests and contribute to the international community as a responsible maritime power.
2. Transformation of the International Maritime Order and Ocean Use
1) Concept of the International Maritime Order
■ The ‘International Maritime Order’ refers to the totality of norms, institutions, practices, and power structures that the international community has established regarding how the ocean is used, conserved, and managed.
- The international maritime order is not limited to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Rather, it is a broad concept encompassing multilateral and regional norms governing marine resources, the marine environment, marine science, and the ocean economy, as well as maritime governance and sea power.
2) Transformation of the International Maritime Order: Drivers and Key Characteristics
■ The transformation of the international maritime order is driven by multiple factors: the restructuring of global supply chains and increasing geopolitical risks, the climate crisis and strengthening marine environmental norms, innovative shifts in marine science and technology, and the emergence of a multipolar system.
- The transformation of the international maritime order is driven by the convergence of several structural forces, including the restructuring of global supply chains and rising geopolitical risks, the climate crisis and strengthening marine environmental norms, innovative shifts in marine technology, and the crisis in maritime governance coupled with regionalization.
- The characteristics of the international maritime order in this transitional period can be summarized as follows: the weakening of the freedom of the high seas principle, the emergence of plastic pollution as a global agenda, strengthened market-based measures for implementing IMO greenhouse gas emission regulations, and the growing importance of maritime security and the blue economy.
3. Maritime Foreign Policy Analysis: Key Nations
1) The European Union and Belgium
■ To ensure consistent policy implementation among member states, the European Union's maritime foreign policy establishes common legal and institutional frameworks and provides a unified roadmap.
- The EU emphasizes the conservation and restoration of marine ecosystems, the strengthening of the Emissions Trading System (ETS) for greenhouse gas reduction, and collective responses to combat and prevent illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing. Through the EU Maritime Security Strategy, the EU seeks to promote international peace and security and to respect international rules and principles while advancing ocean sustainability and biodiversity protection.
■ Belgium's maritime policy reflects its geographical characteristics as a North Sea-centered maritime nation and its membership in the EU and NATO.
- The country actively pursues policies on the blue economy, marine spatial planning, and marine waste management.
- Rather than addressing maritime security threats solely as a military domain, Belgium adopts a comprehensive security approach that integrates economic security, energy security, environmental security, and cybersecurity considerations.
2) The United States and China
■ Since the inauguration of the second Trump administration, the United States has strengthened America First policies while emphasizing both the rebuilding of the U.S. shipbuilding and shipping industries and national maritime sovereignty and security.
- In April 2025, the administration established the Maritime Action Plan (MAP), a comprehensive government-wide blueprint for reconstructing maritime capabilities and security infrastructure. The MAP serves as a restructuring roadmap encompassing shipbuilding, shipping, workforce development, and alliance cooperation.
- With deregulation and technological innovation as primary objectives, the administration emphasizes private sector innovation and public-private partnerships in science and technology. It has strengthened policies centered on fossil fuel energy strategies and deregulation, regulatory easing for offshore wind, and expansion of offshore oil and gas development as well as deep seabed mineral resources.
■ China has designated maritime cooperation through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the safety and stability of sea lanes of communication as top priorities.
- Key areas of cooperation include technological collaboration and capacity building for the development of marine resources such as ocean energy, minerals, and fisheries and aquaculture.
- In 2017, China proposed the adoption of the Blue Partnership, a maritime cooperation platform. In June 2022, the Sustainable Blue Partnership Network was officially launched at the UN Ocean Conference.
- Maritime security, particularly sovereignty issues in the South China Sea, holds a prominent position in China's maritime foreign policy. China has responded rapidly to changes in the maritime security environment, including the publication of the white paper China's National Security in the New Era in May 2025.
4. Korea's Maritime Foreign Policy: Status and Assessment
1) Current Status of Korea's Maritime Foreign Policy
■ Korea’s maritime foreign policy is primarily implemented through international development cooperation and multilateral, minilateral, and bilateral cooperation frameworks.
- The Third Basic Plan for International Development Cooperation (2021-2025), adopted in 2021, emphasizes responding to global issues such as pandemics, strengthening recipient countries' capacities through innovative approaches, and building partnerships with global civil society.
- The strategic direction for maritime and fisheries Official Development Assistance (ODA) focuses on climate change response, sustainable fisheries development and fishing village-specific development, enhancement of shipping and maritime capabilities, and marine plastic and marine environmental management.
- Korea is advancing multilateral and minilateral maritime cooperation projects centered on the Korea-ASEAN Solidarity Initiative, polar research and governance cooperation, Korea-Africa cooperation, and the Indo-Pacific Strategy.
2) Assessment of Korea's Maritime Foreign Policy
■ SWOT analysis demonstrates that Korea possesses world- class technological capabilities and industrial competitiveness in shipbuilding, shipping, and ports. However, the country faces challenges including a fragmented structure in maritime foreign strategy and an insufficient global professional workforce in the maritime and fisheries sector.
- The emerging global maritime norms, including strengthened International Maritime Organization (IMO) greenhouse gas emission regulations, the Biodiversity beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement scheduled to enter into force in January 2026, and the UN Plastics Treaty, present an opportunity for Korea to lead global issues and norm-setting processes.
- Conversely, the adverse impacts of climate crisis and marine pollution on oceans, marine resources, and maritime industries, as well as geopolitical risks surrounding the international maritime order, may pose threats to maritime foreign strategy.
■ In developing future maritime foreign strategies, priority should be placed on strengthening Korea's role in identifying global agendas and shaping rules, enhancing cooperation in marine data and marine science and technology, and reforming maritime governance and establishing a strategic response framework for maritime cooperation.
5. Policy Recommendations
1) Building a Foundation for Maritime Foreign Policy Design and Implementation and International Cooperation Platforms
■ Strengthening the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries' strategic planning and policy design functions for international cooperation
- The Ministry should strategically link its integrated governance functions in maritime and fisheries affairs to enhance policy coherence, continuity, and performance.
- Korea should differentiate international cooperation platforms at the global, regional seas, and national levels, and establish governance linkages between these platforms.
2) K-Ocean Initiative to Lead the New International Maritime Order
■ Strengthening Korea's role as a rule-maker and expanding its voice in the international community
- As the international maritime order undergoes transformation, Korea should strengthen its leadership role as a ‘rule-setter and norm-shaper,’ driving solutions to interconnected global challenges: climate crisis, biodiversity loss, and plastic pollution.
- Korea should continue to enhance its voice by identifying agendas and proposing alternatives in multilateral and minilateral organizations and regional bodies, including the International Maritime Organization (IMO), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), and Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs).
■ Establishing and operating a Global Blue Finance Platform
- Among the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals, SDG 14 receives the least funding, creating critical financing gaps that demand urgent action to diversify funding mechanisms and scale up resources.
- Korea should develop financing strategies to address critical ocean challenges, including climate change, ocean acidification, marine biodiversity loss, IUU fishing, plastic and microplastic pollution, marine ecosystem restoration, and the transition to a circular ocean economy.
3) Leading International Standards and Marine Science and Technology
■ International standardization of domestic ocean and fisheries technology standards
- Korea should develop standards for eco-friendly vessel technology and low-carbon port technology, and lead in achieving carbon neutrality goals in the international shipping and port sectors through the export of related technologies and infrastructure.
- Korea should strengthen maritime foreign policy to elevate its domestic standards to international norms. Priority areas include ocean digital twins, zero-carbon vessels, autonomous ships, biofouling management, and the IMO emissions trading system, all of which are currently undergoing international standardization or convention development.
■ Leading Marine Science and Technology
- Given that marine science and technology capabilities are fundamental indicators of sea power, strategic responses through technological cooperation are essential to expand international influence and secure future markets.
- Korea should advance its technological capabilities in marine observation, underwater technologies including drones and robots, digital twins, smart ports, and blue food technology, and disseminate these innovations through international joint R&D projects.
4) Strategic and Integrated Response to the International Maritime Order
■ Formulating and implementing a National Maritime Foreign Strategy (tentative name)
- The transitional maritime order has implications for diverse sectors, including the marine environment, marine biotechnology and fisheries, plastic production, recycling and alternative plastic development, marine resource exploration and development, and international cooperation.
- Rather than fragmented and disconnected responses at the individual convention level, Korea needs a coordinated approach through a ‘National Maritime Foreign Strategy’ (tentative name) jointly developed by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and other government agencies through a whole-of-government process.
■ Establishing and operating a National Maritime Security Council
- To jointly address both traditional maritime security threats such as narcotics trafficking, smuggling, and piracy, and non- traditional security threats including climate change, marine pollution, and submarine cable security, Korea should establish and operate a ‘National Maritime Security Council’ under the National Security Council (NSC).
5) Cultivating Global Maritime and Fisheries Professionals and Expanding Presence in International Organizations
■ Cultivating global maritime and fisheries professionals
- The strengthening of global maritime norms, including the BBNJ Agreement, IMO net-zero regulations, and the UN Plastics Treaty, presents opportunities to advance marine science and technology and maritime industries.
- To reflect Korea's positions in the formation of the international maritime order and secure leadership in global standards, Korea must systematically cultivate professionals in autonomous vessel technology, AI-integrated marine technologies, blue economy, marine data analysis, and global maritime law.
■ Expanding Korea's presence in major maritime and fisheries organizations
- Korea should develop global professional training and mentoring programs in collaboration with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, and related maritime and fisheries institutions.
- To facilitate young professionals' participation in international maritime and fisheries organizations, including multilateral bodies and Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs), Korea should establish information-sharing platforms and provide comprehensive support including internship opportunities, living allowances, and administrative assistance.
6) Formulating and Implementing a Phased Roadmap for Maritime Foreign Strategy
■ [Phase 1] Reestablishing the Foundation for Maritime Foreign Strategy (2026-2027)
- This initial phase requires three key actions: defining policy objectives and strategic frameworks, expanding institutional capacity and securing budget allocations in alignment with the Fourth UN Ocean Conference roadmap, and establishing legal foundations for the National Maritime Foreign Strategy (tentative name) through amendments to relevant laws under the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries' jurisdiction.
- Korea should reestablish the foundation for maritime foreign strategy by strengthening ODA projects and related linkage policies. These initiatives should focus on developing marine science and technology to advance underwater technologies (AI, digital twins, underwater drones, and robotics) and promoting their international standardization.
■ [Phase 2] Expanding Implementation Capacity for Maritime Foreign Strategy (2028-2030)
- In parallel with preparations for hosting the Fourth UN Ocean Conference, Korea should actively develop international cooperation projects to address marine plastic pollution, develop BBNJ Agreement implementation guidelines, and establish regulations for deep seabed mineral development.
- Korea should identify agendas for establishing the Global Blue Finance Platform and strengthen close collaboration with the United Nations, relevant international organizations, and major countries.
■ [Phase 3] Realizing Korea's Position as a Top-Three Global Maritime Power (2031-2035)
- With the goal of establishing Korea as one of the world's top three sea powers, Korea should pursue hosting major multilateral convention Conferences of the Parties (COPs), including the BBNJ Agreement, UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and UN Plastics Treaty.
- Korea should foster new maritime industries and enhance international competitiveness by advancing underwater technologies, applying land-based technologies to the maritime sector, and integrating ocean-climate technologies.
1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 ■ 해양은 지표면의 4분의 3을 덮고 있으며 지구에 존재하는 물의 97%를 차지하고, 부피 기준으로는 지구상 생물 서식공간의 99%를 차지함 - 지속가능한 해양경제는 연...
1. 연구의 배경 및 목적
■ 해양은 지표면의 4분의 3을 덮고 있으며 지구에 존재하는 물의 97%를 차지하고, 부피 기준으로는 지구상 생물 서식공간의 99%를 차지함
- 지속가능한 해양경제는 연안·해양도시의 발전과 회복력 증진, 탄소중립 목표 달성 등에 기여할 수 있으며, 유엔무역개발회의(UNCTAD)에 따르면, 해양경제를 통해 창출할 수 있는 총가치는 연간 3조~6조 달러로 추정
■ 최근 국제사회는 글로벌 공급망과 지정학적 리스크가 증가하고 있으며, 기후-환경-무역통상-기술-안보 환경이 서로 영향을 주고받는 ‘넥서스(Nexus) 현상’이 강화되고 있음
- 국제 해양질서 패러다임 전환에 대응하여 해양대외전략의 방향을 재정립하고, 세부 추진과제를 도출함으로써 국익을 극대화하고 책임 있는 해양강국으로서 국제사회에 기여
2. 국제 해양질서의 전환과 해양이용
1) 국제 해양질서의 개념
■ ‘국제 해양질서(International Maritime Order)’란 국제사회가 바다를 어떻게 이용·보존·관리할 것인지에 대해 형성한 규범·제도·관행·권력구조의 총체를 의미
- 국제 해양질서는 단순히 유엔해양법협약만을 의미하는 것이 아니라, 해양자원·해양환경·해양과학·해양경제를 규율하고 있는 다자적·지역적 규범, 해양 거버넌스, 해양력(sea power) 등을 포괄하는 광의적 개념
2) 국제 해양질서의 전환 요인 및 특징
■ 글로벌 공급망 재편과 지정학적 리스크 증가, 기후위기와 해양환경 규범 강화, 해양과학기술의 혁신적 전환, 다극체제 대두로 인해 국제 해양질서의 전환이 이루어짐
- 전환기 국제 해양질서의 특징은 크게 공해자유원칙의 약화, 플라스틱 오염의 글로벌 의제화, IMO 온실가스 배출규제의 시장기반 이행조치 강화, 해양안보 및 블루이코노미의 중요성 증대로 요약할 수 있음
3. 주요국의 해양대외정책 분석
1) 유럽연합(EU) 및 벨기에
■ EU의 해양대외정책은 회원국들의 일관된 정책 추진을 위해 EU 공동의 법·제도를 구축하여 공동의 로드맵을 제시
- EU는 해양생태계 보전·복원, 온실가스 감축을 위한 배출권거래제(ETS) 강화, IUU 어업 근절 및 예방을 위한 공동 대응을 강조하였으며, ‘EU 해양안보전략’을 통해 국제적 평화와 안보를 증진하고, 국제적 규칙과 원칙을 존중하는 동시에 해양의 지속가능성과 생물다양성 보호를 추진
■ 벨기에는 북해 중심의 해양국가라는 지리적 특성과 EU 및 NATO 회원국이라는 특성이 정책에 반영
- 벨기에는 블루 이코노미, 해양공간계획 및 해양폐기물 관리를 위한 정책을 적극적으로 추진
- 해양안보 위협을 군사 단독 영역으로 다루는 것이 아니라, 경제안보, 에너지안보, 환경안보, 사이버안보 위협과 결합된 복합안보 차원에서 접근
2) 미국 및 중국
■ 미국은 트럼프 2기 행정부 출범 이후 미국 우선주의를 강화하는 동시에 미국의 조선·해운 산업 재건과 국가 해양주권?안보를 강조
- 2025년 4월에 범정부 해양산업·해양안보 재건 실행계획 형태의 ‘해양행동계획(MAP: Maritime Action Plan)’을 수립하였으며, 이는 조선·해운·인력·동맹 협력을 포괄하는 구조 개편 로드맵의 성격임
- ‘규제완화’와 ‘기술혁신’을 목표로 과학기술 분야에서 민간기업의 자유로운 혁신과 공공-민간 파트너십을 강조하며, 화석연료 중심의 에너지 전략과 규제 완화, 해상풍력 규제 완화, 해양석유·가스 및 심해저 광물자원의 개발 확대 정책을 강화함
■ 중국은 일대일로 이니셔티브를 통한 해양협력과 해상교통로의 안전·안정성 확보를 최우선 과제로 선정
- 해양에너지, 광물, 수산·양식 등 해양자원 개발을 위한 기술협력과 역량강화를 주요 협력방향으로 제시
- 2017년에 해양협력 플랫폼인 블루파트너십 채택을 제안하였으며, 2022년 6월 UN 해양총회에서 ‘지속가능한 블루 파트너십 네트워크’가 공식 출범
- 중국의 해양대외정책에서는 남중국해 영유권 등 해양안보의 중요도가 높으며, 2025년 5월에 「국가안보 백서(China’s National Security in the New Era)」를 발표하는 등 해양안보 환경 변화에 신속히 대응
4. 우리나라 해양대외정책 현황 및 진단
1) 우리나라 해양대외정책 현황
■ 우리나라 해양대외정책은 국제개발협력과 다자·소다자, 양자 협력을 중심으로 추진되고 있음
- 2021년 ‘제3차 국제개발협력 기본계획(2021~2025)’에서는 팬데믹 등 글로벌 이슈 대응, 혁신적 접근을 통한 수원국의 역량 강화 및 세계 시민사회와의 파트너십을 강조
- 해양수산 공적개발원조(ODA)의 추진방향은 기후변화 대응, 지속가능한 수산업 발전과 어촌 특화 개발, 해운·해사 역량 강화, 해양 플라스틱 관리 및 해양환경 관리 분야를 중심으로 설정
- 한-아세안 연대구상, 극지연구 및 거버넌스 협력, 한-아프리카 협력, 인도·태평양 전략을 중심으로 다자·소다자 해양협력사업을 추진
2) 우리나라 해양대외정책 진단
■ SWOT 분석 결과, 우리나라는 조선·해운·항만 분야에서 세계적 수준의 기술력 및 산업 경쟁력을 갖추고 있으나, 해양대외전략의 구조가 분절적이고 해양수산 글로벌 전문인력도 부족한 상황
- 강화되고 있는 IMO의 온실가스 배출규제와 2026년 1월에 발효될 예정인 BBNJ 협정, 유엔 플라스틱 협약 등 새로운 글로벌 해양규범 형성기는 우리나라가 글로벌 이슈와 규범 형성을 주도하는 기회
- 기후위기 및 해양오염으로 인한 해양과 해양자원, 해양수산업의 부정적인 영향, 국제 해양질서를 둘러싼 지정학 리스크는 해양대외전략의 위협요인으로 작용 가능
■ 향후 해양대외전략 수립 시 ‘글로벌 어젠다 발굴 및 규칙 설계자로서 역할 강화’, ‘해양 데이터 및 해양과학기술 협력 강화’, ‘해양 거버넌스 개편 및 해양협력의 전략적 대응체계 구축’을 우선적으로 고려 필요
5. 정책제언
1) 해양대외정책 설계·이행 기반 및 국제협력 플랫폼 구축
■ 해양수산부의 국제협력 전략 기획 및 실행정책 설계 기능 강화
- 해양수산부의 해양수산 통합 거버넌스 기능을 전략적으로 연계하여, 정책의 일관성·연속성·정책성과 제고
- 글로벌, 지역해, 국가별 국제협력 플랫폼을 차별화하고, 플랫폼 간 연계 거버넌스를 구축
2) 신 국제 해양질서 주도를 위한 K-해양 이니셔티브
■ 규칙·규범 설계자로서의 역할 및 국제사회에서 발언권 확대
- 새로운 국제 해양질서 형성 과정에서 ‘규범·규칙 설계자’로서 기후위기-생물다양성 손실-플라스틱 오염이라는 전 지구적 현안을 해결할 수 있는 리더십을 강화
- IMO, FAO, APEC, 지역수산관리기구(RFMO) 등 다자·소다자 기구, 지역기구에서 의제 발굴 및 대안 제시를 통해 발언권을 지속적으로 확대
■ 글로벌 청색재정 플랫폼(Global Blue Finance Platform) 구축·운영
- 유엔 지속가능발전목표(UN SDG) 14번 목표는 전체 17개 유엔 지속가능발전목표 중 가장 적은 재정 투입이 이루어지고 있어 재원조달 방식의 다각화와 재원규모 확대가 시급히 필요
- 기후변화, 해양산성화, 해양생물다양성 손실, IUU 어업, 플라스틱 및 미세플라스틱 오염, 훼손된 해양생태계 복원, 순환 해양경제 구축 등 해양현안 해결을 위한 재원 확충 방안 제시
3) 국제 표준 및 해양과학기술 선도
■ 국내 해양수산 기술기준의 국제표준화
- 친환경 선박 기술 및 저탄소 항만 기술 표준을 개발하고, 관련 기술 및 인프라 수출을 통해 국제 해운·항만 분야의 탄소중립 목표 달성을 선도
- 해양 디지털 트윈, 무탄소 선박, 자율운항선박, 선체부착생물 관리, IMO 배출권거래제 등 최근 국제표준화 또는 국제협약화가 진행 중인 사항에 대해 국내 기준을 국제 표준으로 반영하기 위한 해양대외정책 강화
■ 해양과학기술 선도
- 해양과학 기술력은 해양강국을 가늠하는 척도라고 할 수 있으므로, 기술협력을 통해 대외 영향력을 확대하고 미래 시장을 선점하기 위한 전략적 대응이 필요
- 해양관측, 수중 드론 및 수중 로봇 등 수중 기술, 디지털 트윈, 스마트 항만 및 블루 푸드테크 분야의 해양과학기술 역량을 고도화하고, 해양과학기술 국제공동개발사업을 통해 국제사회에 확산
4) 국제 해양질서에 대한 전략적·통합적 대응
■ (가칭)국가해양대외전략의 수립·이행
- 전환기 해양질서는 해양환경, 해양 바이오 및 수산업, 플라스틱 생산·재활용 및 대체플라스틱 개발, 해양자원 탐사·개발, 국제협력 등 다양한 분야에 영향을 미칠 수 있음
- 개별 협약은 파편적·분절적 대응이 아니라 해양수산부, 외교부 등 범부처가 함께 수립하는 ‘(가칭)국가해양대외전략’ 차원에서 대응 필요
■ 국가해양안보협의회 구성·운영
- 마약, 밀수, 해적행위 등 전통적 해양안보 위협뿐만 아니라 기후변화, 해양오염, 해저케이블 등 비전통적 안보 위협에 공동 대응하기 위해서는 국가안보위원회(NSC) 산하에 ‘국가해양안보협의회’를 구성·운영
5) 해양수산 글로벌 전문인력 양성 및 국제기구 진출 확대
■ 해양수산 글로벌 전문인력 양성
- BBNJ 협정, IMO 넷제로 규제, 유엔 플라스틱 협약 등 글로벌 해양규범 강화는 해양과학기술 및 해양산업을 발전시킬 수 있는 기회요인임
- 국제 해양질서 형성 과정에 한국의 입장을 반영하고 글로벌 표준을 선점하기 위해서는 자율운항선박, AI 기술과 접목한 해양과학기술, 블루이코노미, 해양 데이터 분석 역량을 강화하고, 글로벌 해양법 분야 전문인력을 체계적으로 양성
■ 주요 해양수산 기구의 진출 확대
- 외교부, 해양수산부, 해양수산 유관기관 등과 협력하여 글로벌 전문인력 양성 프로그램 개발 및 멘토링
목차 (Table of Contents)