Until now, in apartments, only a heating system has been designed, such as the Ondol, except a cooling system, because of the characters that the short cooling period, requests for cooling little. But, It is very difficult to control a humidity and to...
Until now, in apartments, only a heating system has been designed, such as the Ondol, except a cooling system, because of the characters that the short cooling period, requests for cooling little. But, It is very difficult to control a humidity and to take in a fresh air in the Ondol heating system, because apartments has been built more insulating and airtight. And recently the use of a package air conditioner is spread out due to the improvement a economic conditions. This is causing many problems including the heat exhaust of a condenser, the noise of a compressor, the spoiling of an apartment building. Additionally a bad effects on the national energy policy are resulted in because the peak electric energy is increased. This study is the basic one to develope the more adaptable apartments heating and cooling system to satisfy residents′ request and to use energy efficiently. The goal of this one is to propose the adaptable system. To do so there are two proceeding. One is to know the request level though the question survey, and the other is to analysis the technique of the systems, the energy consumption and life cycle cost for some systems. The result of it is as follows; Firstly, because it is request right now to improve the energy unbalance problem and offer more good environmental conditions to residents in summer, the cooling and heating system should be developed in apartments.
Secondly, the result on the technical level and the characteristics for the systems shows that, the most adaptable system is an the absorption units using gas or warm water, the ice storage system in the area using a central and a district heating system. And the pipe system is the most profitable to deliver a heat, and the ceiling mounted fan coil unit is more resonable than other terminal systems. In fact, the residents are interested in multi terminal system that all room is cooled and heated, and they show interests in using gas because operating cost is more cheaper than the electric energy. And they prefer a wall attached and ceiling mounted terminal systems for using the room space more efficiently, especially, they want to control the time and the temperature themselves, and prefer central cooling system. According to other residents′ answer, the Ondol system just should be installed for heating. If the fan coil unit is installed for heating and cooling, a few people show interests in the system. And if the Ondol heating is installed at some space where they want, and other spaces are heated and cooled using fan coil nuit, there are a little latent demands. Thirdly, there are some analysis of the life cycle cost for the heating and cooling systems. For an initial cost, in case of installing the multi terminal systems, a gas fired central absorption unit is the most profitable, the second profitable system is an ice storage system, the third is a two stages absorption system using low-temperature water, the forth is a package air conditioner and lastly, a gas fired individual absorption unit is a least profitable. And for an individual systems with only one terminal, the system consisted of a boiler and a package air conditioner is more profitable than the individual gas fired absorption unit. For an operating cost, the individual absorption unit is the most profitable, its operating cost is ₩31,000, the second is the gas fired central absorption unit, the third is the ice storage system, the forth is a two stages absorption system using low-temperature water, and the last is the package air conditioner, its operating cost is ₩80,000. And for the life cycle cost of the central systems, the gas fired absorption unit is the most profitable, the second is the ice storage system, and the last is the two stages absorption system using low-temperature water. If multi terminal system is installed in all room, all of the central system is more profitable than the package air conditional system. For the individual systems, the system consisted of a boiler and a package air conditioner is more profitable than the individual gas fired absorption unit. But if there are many supports for installing the individual absorption unit, that is, the equipment cost is lower than present, initial cost is supported, or gas cost is lowed etc., then the absorption unit will be profitable. As the above result, considering the technical level, the energy policy, and the life cycle cost etc., the conclusions are as follows;
The central systems like the gas fired absorption unit and the ice storage system are suitable in the area using a central and district heating system. And the individual gas fired absorption unit is suitable in the area using individual heating system.