공직선거에서의 전자투표제도 도입을 위한 단계적 접근 = An Approach by stage for the introduction of Electronic Voting System on Public Election

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This thesis has tried to study about electronic voting system from a public law perspective based on the situation that electronic means are utilized even in elections that require acquiring credibility and securing safety to the people and in voting, which is the method to participate in elections by the development of IT technology. Furthermore it has been implemented in 35 nations around the world along with technical and systemetical improvements. However, securing fairness carries weight as electronic voting system has many problems to be solved by public law following each area or methods of voting. For Public Office Elections such as for Presidential Voting, Assembly Election, Local Government Voting, and Voting for superintendent of education, there were technical and institutional efforts to implement electronic voting since early 2000s, however, due to stability and credibility issues, even now in 2011, it hasn`t been implemented yet. In the case of 1st stage electronic voting utilizing optical scan or touch-screens on the polling station, the cost of election administration is reduced and the time spent on counting the votes is shortened while also increasing the participation of foreigners and the disabled. As we move further on to the 3rd stage electronic voting which utilizes internet the improvement rate of voter turnout and enhancement rate of voting convenience increases. However, in order to implement electronic voting to Public Office Elections, the most important task to deal with is to secure the public credibility while not harming the principles of elections. To countermeasure the possibilities of system crashes in the 1st stage PSEV electronic voting system, we can make additional installment of electronic voting equipment compulsory, implement preliminary verification, prepare controlled program facilities, and employ system maintenance crew. For safe transfer of the election results, we utilize the current level of police force for security procedures and have observers from each political party to keep a close eye on. Moreover, we can have the election results saved in and out of the voting equipment or have it printed out just in case. On the other hand, when there happens to be intentional losses or swaps of election results, we may arrange a severe penalty rule. For the verification procedure of the election results, we can keep the ballots printed out separately or utilize an Election Audit Trail as a technical verification method to aid accuracy in the tallying and recounting process. Although there may be some people who will not be used to the voting equipment because of the touch-screen, however, this can be overcome by manufacturing touch-screens specifically made for the old and the infirm, the disabled, and foreigners, or through education and advertisement. For those who are still blockaded from voting, we can carry out the pre-existing paper ballots along with electronic voting or we can consider utilizing proxy votes by having vote assistants like Japan. The initial installation costs are quite large, however, as the maintenance costs reduce significantly, as long as there are at least 30 or more polls, it is cost-effective and we can even aim for profits by exporting the electronic vote technology to abroad. If we only make use of the united electoral register, we would have to protect personal information through Private Information Protection Procedures and Encryption Protocols and also strengthen punishment rules in provision for exposure of the electoral register. For the 2nd stage KIOSK method, utilizing passwords, cookies, electronic signatures, introducing new electronic identification systems, and physical-recognition such as fingerprints have been discussed about to secure credibility of the identification process, however, as electronic IDs or physical-recognition methods have concerns of privacy violation, technologically cookies or electronic signatures are the most valid m

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