Lotus (Nelumbo nuficera) flower essential oil increased melanogenesis in normal human melanocytes

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this study, the essential oil from lotus flower extract,
including petals and stamens, was assessed with regard
to its effects on melanogenesis in human melanocytes.
The lotus flower essential oil was shown to
stimulate melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity in
a dose-dependent manner. The lotus flower essential
oil induced the expression of tyrosinase, microphthalmia-
associated transcription factor M (MITF-M), and
tyrosinase-related proten-2 (TRP-2) proteins, but not
tyrosinase mRNA. Moreover, it increased the phosphorylation
of ERK and cAMP response element binding
protein (CREB). In order to verify the effective components
of the lotus flower oil, its lipid composition
was assessed. It was found to be comprised of palmitic
acid methyl ester (22.66%), linoleic acid methyl ester
(11.16%), palmitoleic acid methyl ester (7.55%) and linolenic
acid methyl ester (5.16%). Among these components,
palmitic acid methyl ester clearly induced
melanogenesis as the result of increased tyrosinase
expression, thereby indicating that it may play a role
in the regulation of melanin content. Thus, our results
indicate that lotus flower oil may prove useful in the development
of gray hair prevention agents or tanning
reagents.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this study, the essential oil from lotus flower extract,
including petals and stamens, was assessed with regard
to its effects on melanogenesis in human melanocytes.
The lotus flower essential oil was shown to
stimulate melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity in
a dose-dependent manner. The lotus flower essential
oil induced the expression of tyrosinase, microphthalmia-
associated transcription factor M (MITF-M), and
tyrosinase-related proten-2 (TRP-2) proteins, but not
tyrosinase mRNA. Moreover, it increased the phosphorylation
of ERK and cAMP response element binding
protein (CREB). In order to verify the effective components
of the lotus flower oil, its lipid composition
was assessed. It was found to be comprised of palmitic
acid methyl ester (22.66%), linoleic acid methyl ester
(11.16%), palmitoleic acid methyl ester (7.55%) and linolenic
acid methyl ester (5.16%). Among these components,
palmitic acid methyl ester clearly induced
melanogenesis as the result of increased tyrosinase
expression, thereby indicating that it may play a role
in the regulation of melanin content. Thus, our results
indicate that lotus flower oil may prove useful in the development
of gray hair prevention agents or tanning
reagents.

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