울산광역시 산불피해지의 조림지와 미피해지의 토양 이화학적 특성 = Soil Physicochemical Properties of Tree Plantations in a Fire-disturbed Forest and an Undisturbed Stand in Ulsan Metropolitan City

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 울산광역시에 위치한 봉대산을 대상으로 산불피해 4년 후 인공조림 활엽수임분(튤립나무, 왕벚나무, 상수리나무조림지), 미복구지, 인접 미피해 소나무임분의 유기물층 및 토양층의 이화학적 특성과 조림목의 잎 내 양분함량을 조사하였다. 유기물층의 탄소 축적량은 미피해 소나무임분이 9388 kg·C·ha(-1)로, 활엽수임분 2394~3551 kg· C·ha(-1) 나, 미복구지 3689 kg·C·ha(-1) 에 비해 유의적으로(P < 0.05) 높았다. 그러나 인, 칼슘, 마그네슘 축적량은 활엽수임분과 미피해 소나무임분 사이에 유의적인 차가 없었다(P > 0.05). 토양 이화학적 특성 중 왕벚나무조림지의 액상과 토양 pH는 18.4%와 pH 4.80로, 미피해 소나무임분 7.0%와 토양 pH 4.10에 비해 유의적으로 높았다. 토양 유기탄소함량은 인공조림 활엽수임분이 1.89~3.60%로 미복구지 1.41%에 비해 증가하는 경향을 보이나 유의적인 차는 없었다. 토양 칼슘과 마그네슘 축적량의 경우 튤립나무와 왕벚나무조림지가 미피해 소나무임분과 미복구지에 비해 유의적으로 높은 값을 보였다. 잎 내 양분함량 중 칼슘이나 마그네슘함량은 튤립나무(칼슘: 1.10%; 마그네슘: 0.37%)가 상수리 나무(칼슘: 0.50%; 마그네슘: 0.14%)나 인접 미피해 소나무 잎(칼슘: 0.33%; 마그네슘: 0.10%)에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 본 연구결과에 따르면 산불발생 4년 이내 초기단계 결과이지만, 유기물층의 인, 칼슘, 마그네슘축 적량은 미피해 산림지역과 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, 토양층의 칼슘과 마그네슘 축적량은 식재수종의 영향이 큰것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was carried out to compare soil physicochemical properties and nutrient concentrations of tree leaf between planted forests following forest fire and an undisturbed forest in the Bongdaesan mountain, where is located in the Ulsan metropolitan city. We established three deciduous tree planting (Liriodendron tulipifera L., Prunus yedoensis Matsum and Quercus acutissima Carruth.) plots, one unplanted plot following four-year forest fire and one undisturbed plot (Pinus densiflora S et. Z). Carbon (C) stocks in the organic horizon were significantly lower in the tree planted plots (2394-3551 kg·C·ha(-1)) or the unplanted plots (3689 kg· C·ha(-1)) than in the undisturbed plot (9388 kg·C·ha(-1)). However, phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) stocks in the organic horizon were not significantly different among the treatments. Soil water phase and soil pH were significantly higher in the P. yedoensis plot (water phase: 13.7-18.4%; soil pH: 4.62- 4.80) than in the undisturbed plots (water phase: 7.0%; soil pH: 4.10). Soil organic C concentration was slightly higher in the tree planted plots (1.89-3.60%) than in the unplanted (1.41%) plots. Soil Ca and Mg stocks at 10 cm of soil depth were significantly higher in the P. yedoensis and L. tulipifera plots than in the unplanted or undisturbed plots. Nutrient concentrations (Ca and Mg) of leaf were significantly higher in the L. tulipifera than in the Q. acutissima and the undisturbed pine plots. The results indicate that P, Ca, and Mg stocks in the organic horizon was not affected by tree planting, but Ca and Mg stocks at 10 cm of the soil depth were enhanced by the tree species established following four-year forest fire.

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