도시(都市)와 인문학의 관계 연구 -“도시 재생”을 중심으로 = A Study on the Relationship between City and Humanities focused on Urban Regeneration

국문 초록 (Abstract)

‘인간의 정신을 고귀하고 완전하게 하는 학문’ 인문학이 위기에 빠져있다. 위기의 원인은 효율과 시장만능주의의 풍토 때문이다. 심지어 인문학 진흥의 요람이어야 할 대학마저 시장만능주의에 ‘오염’되어 인문학의 위기를 심화시키고 있다. 이렇게 대학이 ‘오염’된 이유는 인문학 전공자들의 취업률이 낮기 때문이다. 대학마저 외면한 인문학은 사회적 인정풍토에서 서서히 고사되어가고 있는 실정이다. 인간에게 내재된 특성을 탐구하고 발전시키는 것을 최우선 가치로 하는 인문학이 마냥 위기에 빠져있는 것만은 아니다. 인문학이 도시 특히 도시설계와 도시재생의 근간이 되고 있는 사례들이 많이 있기 때문이다. 인문학이 도시의 이론적 토대가 됨은 도시와 시민의 정체성 확립, 도시의 경쟁력 제고의 지렛대가 되고 있다는 말일 것이다.우리가 살아가고 있는 도시가 인간이 더불어 살아가는 공동체의 집합이라고 할 때, 더불어 살아갈 수 있는 공동체의 정신이 시·공간과 함께 하며 도시의 역사와 이야기 그리고 정체성에 배어있을 때 도시의 존재의 이유는 발현된다. 도시와 인문학의 불가분성이 우리가 지금까지 겪어왔던 시간과 공간의 문화사를 통해 입증되었음에도 불구하고 인문학적 사유(思惟)’의 결여로 몸살을 앓고 있는 도시들이 여전히 존재한다. 또 한편으로는 많은 도시들이 도시 계획의 출발과 조성 과정에서 ‘인문학적 사유(思惟)’의 중요성을 강조하며 문화도시로 거듭나기 위해 많은 노력을 경주하고 있음은 다행한 일이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Humanities making human spirit noble and perfect are now facing serious crisis. The very cause of this crisis derives from the efficiency and materialistic mind. Even universities which must be the birthplace of the Humanities are also contaminated by the materialism, deepening the Humanities crisis in connection with the low rate of student’s employment. In consequence, the Humanities are losing their position gradually, not gaining recognition by people. However, the Humanities, putting their first value on the researchand development of human’s intrinsic nature, are not always in danger of crisis. We can found that there are many cases in the Humanities which contribute to the urban design and regeneration. Should the Humanities are used for the theoretical background of cities; it can also be a leverage to establish the identity between city and citizen by enhancing the competitiveness of cities. Based on the fact that the Humanities are the foundation of the urban design and regeneration, the cities cannot stand alone without the Humanities. In the long run, cities, communities, and construction cannot exist without the Humanities. The common characteristics ofsuccessful culture cities under the slogan of “Making Culture City”, the Humanistic thought to the urban regeneration have been continuously adopted. Thus the citizens could take initiatives to make culture city based on the autonomous energy. Edinburgh is the successful case to regenerate the city through the literature. They did not limit the scope of literature and its activity on the urban regeneration itself. To establish city’s identity, to inspire citizen’s self-esteem, and to enhance citizen’s creativeness, the literature activities of Edinburgh extends to the innovative book reading campaign, international support activities, and creative exchange. Edinburgh case, the UESCO Creative Cities Network in the Literature, showed that citizen’s concerns and participation must be accompanied to form and bring up the urban brand with urban regeneration through the Humanities. Literature-related activities and festivals in Edinburgh are designed for the citizens and always go together with them. The book reading campaign like “One Book, One Edinburgh” is built on the basis of citizen’s positive attendance, which leads Edinburgh to be the famous city in the Literature. In addition, we should take notice that citizen’s participation is directly related to the development of citizen’s creativeness and growth. The strong advantage of urban regeneration through the Humanities is to preserve “Land Script(地文) between history and story, also curing sad historical memories. The “Sanbokdoro Renaissance Project in Busan” is one of the projects to regenerate city through the Humanities, preserving Busan Metro City History and embracing the modern Busan Metro City’s painful past memories as a healing project.It can be concluded that urban regeneration must be planned in terms of the Humanities to preserve the Land Script and to restore “old and friendly memories”, which takes into account the site feature of surrounding area, the history of a region, and urban context and so on, not based on the Fast City, like fast food, which takes away the Land Script and the restoration of “old and friendly memories” with no Humanistic thought in the process of standardized urban planning and regeneration.