19세기 말 미국의 민족주의 : 드보르작의 미국 체류와 멕도월의 ｢인디언 조곡｣을 중심으로 = American Nationalism in the nineteenth century focused on Dvořák’s stay in New York and MacDowell’s 「Indian Suite」

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The search for self-identity in American music began in the late nineteenth century, partly influenced by Nationalism in European countries. It was, and has been difficult to establish national music for a country of diverse ethnicity. In 1892, Dvořák, a firm believer in national music, was invited as a director of the National Conservatory of Music in New York to help young Ameircan composers to find a genuine American sound. He suggested composers use Indian tunes or negro spirituals as a basis of national music. MacDowell, born in New York and trained in Europe, opposed Dvořák’s model for an American national style, but he composed 「Indian Suite」 in 1891 and became unwittingly associated with the Indianist movement. MacDowell saw Indian melodies as exotic raw materials, expressing shared human emotions. MacDowell and Dvořák provoked controversy over the validity of nationalism based on indian tunes in the late nineteenth century.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 들어가며
• Ⅱ. 미국의 민족주의
• 1.미국 토착민인 인디언의 역사
• 2.19세기 말 미국의 정체성 확립과 미국음악에 대한 정의
• 3.19세기 말 미국 동부의 음악계 상황
• Ⅲ. 드보르작의 미국 체류
• Ⅳ. 멕도월과 미국 민족주의
• 1.멕도월의 수용사
• 2.드보르작의 민족주의에 반대한 멕도월
• 3.「인디언 조곡」과 인디언주의 운동
• Ⅴ. 나오며
• 참고문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 홍익표, "왜 민족음악인가? 다시 읽는 유럽의 민족주의와 음악" 예솔출판사 2011

2 서울대학교 서양음악연구소, "서양음악사원전" 서울대 서양음악연구소 2001

3 Anderson, Benedict, "상상의 공동체-민족주의의 기원과 전파에 대한 고찰" 나남 2004

4 유종선, "미국사 100장면" 가람기획 1995

5 Honolka, Kult, "드보르작" 한길사 1998

6 태혜숙, "다인종 다문화 시대의 미국문화읽기" 이후출판사 2009

7 Browner, Tara, "‘Breathing the Indian Spirit’: Issues of Musical Borrowing in ‘Indianist’ movement" 265-284, 1997

8 Browner, Tara, "‘Breathing the Indian Spirit’: Issues of Musical Borrowing in American Music" 1-12, 1994

9 Horowitz, Joseph, "Wagner Nights: an American History" University of California Press 1994

10 Lowens, Morgan, "The New York Years of Edward MacDowell" The University of Michigan 1971

11 Beckermann, Michael, "The Mater’s Little Joke: Antonin Dvořák and the Mask of Nation, In Dvořák and His World" Princeton University Press 1993

12 Shanet, Howard, "Philharmonic: A History of New York’s Orchestra" Boubledya 1975

13 Howard, John Tasker, "Our American Music" Thomas Y. Crowell Company 1965

14 Hitchcock, Wiley, "Music in the United States" Prentice-Hall 1988

15 Crawford, Richard, "Edward MacDowell: Musical Nationalism and an American Tone Poet" 49 (49): 528-560, 1996

16 Gilman, Lawrence, "Edward MacDowell: A Study" Da Capo Press 1969

17 Brancaleone, Francis, "Edward MacDowell and Indian motives" 359-381, 1989

18 Horowitz, Joseph, "Dvořák and the New World, In Dvořák and His World" Princeton University Press 1993

19 Plantinga, Leon, "Dvořák and the Meaning of Nationalism in Music, In Rethinking Dvořák: Views from Five Countries" Clarendon Press 1996

20 Crawford, Richard, "Dvořák and the Historiography of American Music, In Rethinking Dvořák: Views from Five Countries" Clarendon Press 1996

21 Germer, Mark, "Dvořák among the Yankees: George Chadwick and the Impact of Boston School, In Rethinking Dvořák: Views from Five Countries" Clarendon Press 1996

22 Broyles, Michael, "Art Music from 1860 to 1920, In American Music" Cambridge University Press 1998

23 Crawford, Richard, "An Introduction to America’s Music" W. W. Norton 2001

24 Chase, Gilbert, "America’s Music" University of Illinois Press 1987

25 Gann, Kyle, "American Music in the Twentieth Century" Schirmer Books 1997

26 Levine, Victoria, "American Indian musics, past and preset, In American Music" Cambridge University Press 1998

27 Cowell, Henry, "American Composers on American Music" Stanford University Press 1933