라인홀드 니버와 21세기 -기독교 현실주의의 평가와 과제 = Reinhold Niebuhr and the 21st Century in Light of His Christian Realism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The 20th century was remembered as the period of the cold war between the USA and the former USSR since the 2nd World War. After the end of the cold war, world citizens believed that the coming 21st Century will be a great time for both justice and peace. However there were countless terrorisms which happened at every corner of world cities. For example, the collapse of the New York’s World Trade Center on September 11, 2001 by Al-Queda was the most surprising scene in the history of terrorism. That eventually motivated the Bush administration to attack against Afghanistan and Iraq immediately. Although world citizens hoped to establish a genuine peace through Bush’s bold attack against terrorism, but it suddenly drove the people into the realm of fear and hopelessness. Thus people realized that peace is eminent need and yet the evil power overshadows both war and terrorism. Then the total collapse of human beings will be evident in the long run.
The primary task of this paper is to examine Reinhold Niebuhr’s concept of the Christian realism, which has been criticized by many sociologists, theological scholars, and social activists. This will be done by evaluating his perspectives of the Christian realism both positively and negatively. Since the American hegemony has been regarded as a threatening power to the world peace, it has been necessary to examine Reinhold Niebuhr’s concept of political realism that greatly influenced in shaping the American policy of international relation with the former USSR during the last 20th Century. As Niebuhr claimed that the world peace should be righteous and balanced between two parties, this paper will explore his idea of the Christian realism in terms of understanding what the Christian attitudes toward the world peace and terrorism should be.
Finally this paper will argue that Reinhold Niebuhr’s concept of the Christian realism is still a valuable theory that can be applied to the complicated situation of our world, as we pursue a genuine justice and peace.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The 20th century was remembered as the period of the cold war between the USA and the former USSR since the 2nd World War. After the end of the cold war, world citizens believed that the coming 21st Century will be a great time for both justice and peace. However there were countless terrorisms which happened at every corner of world cities. For example, the collapse of the New York’s World Trade Center on September 11, 2001 by Al-Queda was the most surprising scene in the history of terrorism. That eventually motivated the Bush administration to attack against Afghanistan and Iraq immediately. Although world citizens hoped to establish a genuine peace through Bush’s bold attack against terrorism, but it suddenly drove the people into the realm of fear and hopelessness. Thus people realized that peace is eminent need and yet the evil power overshadows both war and terrorism. Then the total collapse of human beings will be evident in the long run.
The primary task of this paper is to examine Reinhold Niebuhr’s concept of the Christian realism, which has been criticized by many sociologists, theological scholars, and social activists. This will be done by evaluating his perspectives of the Christian realism both positively and negatively. Since the American hegemony has been regarded as a threatening power to the world peace, it has been necessary to examine Reinhold Niebuhr’s concept of political realism that greatly influenced in shaping the American policy of international relation with the former USSR during the last 20th Century. As Niebuhr claimed that the world peace should be righteous and balanced between two parties, this paper will explore his idea of the Christian realism in terms of understanding what the Christian attitudes toward the world peace and terrorism should be.
Finally this paper will argue that Reinhold Niebuhr’s concept of the Christian realism is still a valuable theory that can be applied to the complicated situation of our world, as we pursue a genuine justice and peace.

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