1969~1971년 국내외 정세변화와 학생운동세력의 현실인식 = Student Movement Groups’ Perception of Changes in International and Domestic Politics from 1969~1971

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article focused on the time period of 1969~1971 and is also based on a critical argument that it is significant to look upon this time period as "a transition period"(轉換期). As already known, there were huge changes in international and domestic politics in this time period, such as Nixon Doctrine, U.S-China Detente, the Constitutional Amendment for Third Term, the Proclamation of national emergency.
We need to pay attention to the fact that in early 1970s, the majority of the people of South Korea recognized the Korean society undergoing transition period. They also recognized that the rapidly changing international and domestic situation would require themselves to fundamentally switch their attitude toward Cold war and international relation. Consequently, they began viewing Northeast Asian international relations and N.K-S.K relation with a new perspective.
University student movement groups had paid attention to changing circumstances within and beyond the boundary of the nation at the same time. Then, they came to define the situation as "a revolutionary transition period". They had thought this current of changes toward pro-democracy and pro-unification would provide critical momentum for them. So, in "a revolutionary transition period", they believed they should deploy movement for democracy, reunification and national autonomy.
In doing so, student had used this particular term, "revolutionary" to define the changing world order as a momentum they need, but what they actually did was far from radical idealism the term should represent. In fact, the main concern of student activists in domestic level was recover democratic system. And their main concern in international level was to lay cornerstones for reciprocal reunification by resolving tension between north and south. This time, the students" awareness was rather practical and concrete than abstract and ideological.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article focused on the time period of 1969~1971 and is also based on a critical argument that it is significant to look upon this time period as "a transition period"(轉換期). As already known, there were huge changes in international and domestic politics in this time period, such as Nixon Doctrine, U.S-China Detente, the Constitutional Amendment for Third Term, the Proclamation of national emergency.
We need to pay attention to the fact that in early 1970s, the majority of the people of South Korea recognized the Korean society undergoing transition period. They also recognized that the rapidly changing international and domestic situation would require themselves to fundamentally switch their attitude toward Cold war and international relation. Consequently, they began viewing Northeast Asian international relations and N.K-S.K relation with a new perspective.
University student movement groups had paid attention to changing circumstances within and beyond the boundary of the nation at the same time. Then, they came to define the situation as "a revolutionary transition period". They had thought this current of changes toward pro-democracy and pro-unification would provide critical momentum for them. So, in "a revolutionary transition period", they believed they should deploy movement for democracy, reunification and national autonomy.
In doing so, student had used this particular term, "revolutionary" to define the changing world order as a momentum they need, but what they actually did was far from radical idealism the term should represent. In fact, the main concern of student activists in domestic level was recover democratic system. And their main concern in international level was to lay cornerstones for reciprocal reunification by resolving tension between north and south. This time, the students" awareness was rather practical and concrete than abstract and ideological.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "한맥"

2 허은, "학원병영화반대투쟁과 민주수호투쟁 in: 한국민주화운동사 1" 돌베개 2008

3 "조선일보"

4 "자유의 종"

5 홍석률, "유신체제의 성립 in: 유신과 반유신" 민주화운동기념사업회 2005

6 오창헌, "유신체제와 현대 한국정치" 오름 2001

7 신종대, "유신체제 수립원인에 관한 재조명 -북한요인의 영향과 동원을 중심으로-" 사회과학연구소 13 (13): 128-162, 2005

8 임혁백, "유신의 역사적 기원—박정희의 마키아벨리적인 시간(下)" 14 (14): 2005

9 임혁백, "유신의 역사적 기원—박정희의 마키아벨리적인 시간(上)" 13 (13): 2004

10 마상윤, "안보와 민주주의, 그리고 박정희의 길: 유신체제 수립원인 재고" 한국국제정치학회 43 (43): 171-196, 2003

11 서울법대 학생운동사 편찬위원회, "서울법대 학생운동사—정의의 함성, 1964~1979" 블루프린트 2008

12 "산 知性"

13 김대영, "반유신재야운동 in: 유신과 반유신" 민주화운동기념사업회 2005

14 대통령 비서실, "박정희대통령 연설문집6: 제8대편 하" 1979

15 김상웅, "민족·민주·민중선언" 일월서각 1984

16 "동아일보"

17 김지형, "데탕트와 남북관계" 선인 2003

18 "다리"

19 강석률, "닉슨독트린과 데탕트 그리고 한미동맹— 억제의 추구와 동맹국간의 갈등" 서울대학교 2005

20 "내나라"

21 71동지회, "나의 청춘 나의 조국" 나남출판 2001

22 고려대민주동우회, "고대학생운동①—구술자료집, 3선개헌반대투쟁~긴급조치7호투쟁" 대동출판사 2008

23 "高大新聞"

24 민주수호국민협의회, "資料集" 1971

25 심융택, "自立에의 意志―朴正熙大統領語錄" 한림출판사 1972

26 "筆脈"

27 "大學新聞"

28 이기훈, "6.8부정선거규탄투쟁과 3선개헌 반대투쟁 in: 한국민주화운동사 1" 돌베개 2008

29 차상환, "1971년 사회운동의 재평가 in: 1970년대 민중운동 연구" 민주화운동기념사업회 2005

30 이기훈, "1970년대 학생 반유신 운동" 민주화운동기념사업회 2005

31 홍석률, "1970년대 전반 동북아 데탕트와 한국 통일문제" 42 : 2001

32 김영곤, "1970년대 민중운동과 민중지향 in: 유신과 반유신" 민주화운동기념사업회 2005

33 한국기독교교회인권협의회, "1970年代 民主化運動 (I): 기독교 인권운동을 중심으로" 한국기독교교회협의회 1987