익사사고자에 대한 효과적인 응급처치 방법 = An effective emergency care of a person from water submersion

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was to exhibit the effective emergency care method for the drowning and non-drowning who are reached two-thousand peoples every year in our country. For investigate the effective emergency care, this study was discussed as follows ; Pathophysiology of the water submersion, Fresh-water & sea-water drowning, Factors affecting survival, and Prehospital management.
The conclusions from this study were summarized as fellows;
1. Remove the patient from the water. If you suspect neck or spinal injuries, Always support the head and neck level with the back and, begin rescue breathing.
2. Maintain the airway and support ventilation in the water use the jaw-thrust technique to avoid farther injury to the neck or spine. We might encounter more resistance to ventilations than you expect because of water in the airway. Once you have determined that there are no foreign objects in the airway, apply ventilations with more force; adjust ventilations until you see the patient's chest rise and fall but not until you see gastric distention. Do not attempt to remove water from the patient's lungs or stomach.
3. If there is no pulse, begin CPR.
4. Administer high-flow supplemental oxygen; suction as needed.
5. Once the patient is breathing and has a pulse, assess for hemorrhage; control any serious bleeding that you find.
6. Cover the patient to conserve body heat, Handle the patient very gently, and, Transport the patient as quickly as possible to Emergency Department, Continuing resuscitative measures during transport. If the patient have the hypothermia, follow hypothermia management.