1960년대 유토피아의 지향과 균열『완전사회』

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Perfect Society functions as a product of a debate that reveals the desire to preoccupy the title of first among researchers, rather than the aspect that it is fun to read by readers of science fiction. It can be seen as a product and representation of a process that was caught in the midst of the confrontational debate between full-fledged literature and genre literature, adult literature and childrens and youth literature in the 1960s. Independent of the content of the work, Perfect Society can be seen as a testament to the confrontational society of South Korea in the 1960s in itself as it is caught up in the controversy over the ‘real’ or ‘first’ that the work itself evoked. If Kim Ji-Young Born in 1982 represented an era through the feminist discourse surrounding this novel rather than the content of the novel, Perfect Society also confronted the 1960s through the full-scale and first controversy surrounding this novel, science fiction and feminist discourse. It can be said that it showed an old-fashioned society.
Through the confrontational debate surrounding this work and the future confrontational society presented in the work, Perfect Society indirectly shows how our society in the 1960s was occupied with dichotomous oppositional structures such as normal and abnormal, health and infirmity, and good and bad. In particular, it is not an exaggeration to say that Perfect Society in the history of Korean science fiction burns down how strong the dichotomy between authentic literature and popular literature (genre literature) has been since liberation. The emergence of creative science fiction in Korea after Moon Yun-seongs Perfect Society had to wait a long time until Bok Go-ils alternative historical novel In Search of the Epitaph. Unlike Bok Go-ils In Search of the Epitaph, which aroused interest in the paragraph as soon as it was published despite its unfamiliar reading method, Yunseong Moons Perfect Society is not mentioned in the paragraph at all. As such, Perfect Society proves the point of conflict and conflict that was prevalent in the society of the time by showing the opposition between the full-fledged literary and genre literature as a work itself.
In this paper, we see that the elements of opposition and conflict that prevailed in the contemporary society are fully revealed in the work, and through it, we try to show that utopia, which is presented as an alternative method of confrontation and conflict, is also not a solution. Utopia novels, as always, are born by overcoming criticism or denial of reality. However, in that the Republic of Women is not a true utopia, but a dystopian society in which sexual desire is maintained as the worst law governed by the state through an imperfect dictatorship system, it can be seen that utopia does not bring happiness to everyone. Perfect Society is meaningful in that it points out that a utopia already has an inherent nature that can only be broken in the sense that it is built with someones desire or political intention as collateral and excluding someone elses desire.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김영한, "서양의 지적 운동" 지식산업사 1994

2 복도훈, "변증법적 유토피아 서사의 교훈- 어슐러 K. 르귄의 『빼앗긴 자들』(1975)을 중심으로" 한국예술연구소 (30) : 227-248, 2020

3 손종업, "문윤성의 『완전사회』와 미래의 건축술" 중앙어문학회 60 : 239-263, 2014

4 이숙, "문윤성의 『완전사회』(1967) 연구 －과학소설로서의 면모와 지배이데올로기 투영 양상을 중심으로" 국어문학회 52 (52): 225-253, 2012

5 최애순, "대체역사의 국내 수용 양상-복거일의 <비명을 찾아서>가 탄생하기까지" 우리문학회 (61) : 395-427, 2019

6 복도훈, "단 한 명의 남자와 모든 여자: 아마겟돈 이후의 유토피아와 섹슈얼리티 -문윤성 과학소설, 『완전사회』(1967)에 대하여-" 한국근대문학회 (24) : 345-373, 2011

7 모희준, "냉전시기 한국 창작 과학소설에 나타난 종말의식 고찰 - 한낙원의 『잃어버린 소년』, 『금성탐험대』와 문윤성의 『완전사회』를 중심으로 -" 중앙어문학회 65 : 127-144, 2016

8 허윤, "남자가 없다고 상상해봐 - 1960년대 초남성적 사회의 거울상으로서 『완전사회』" 민족문학사연구소 (67) : 483-509, 2018

9 김보명, "급진-문화 페미니즘과 트랜스-퀴어 정치학 사이 — 1960년대 이후 미국 여성운동 사례를 중심으로" 한국여성연구소 18 (18): 229-265, 2018

10 주민재, "과학적 상상력이 현실에 대응하는 방식 - 문윤성의 「완전사회」를 중심으로" 한국현대문예비평학회 (67) : 139-168, 2020

11 이정옥, "과학소설이란 무엇인가" 국학자료원 139-164, 2000

12 손나경, "과학소설의 서사적 추진력: 『완전사회』의 대안적 상상력을 중심으로" 중소기업융합학회 9 (9): 130-139, 2019

13 최병구, "‘포스트 휴먼’의 세 가지 조건: 테크놀로지·젠더·정동 – 문윤성, 『완전사회』(1967)를 중심으로 -" 한민족어문학회 (89) : 147-174, 2020

14 이경란, "70년대 미국 여성작가 SF 유토피아 전망의 모호성과 개방성: 어슐러 르 귄의 『빼앗긴 자들』과 마지 피어시의 『시간의 경계에 선 여자』" 영미연구소 49 : 3-30, 2020

15 정미지, "1960년대 국가주의적 남성성과 젠더 표상 -김승옥의 「야행」을 중심으로­-" 우리문학회 (43) : 681-709, 2014

16 이하나, "1950~60년대 재건 담론의 의미와 지향" 국학연구원 (151) : 387-431, 2010

17 최애순, "1920년대 미래과학소설의 사회구조의 전환과 미래에 대한 기대- <80만년 후의 사회>, <이상촌>, <이상의 신사회>를 중심으로" 한국근대문학회 21 (21): 7-51, 2020