라클라우의 적대와 급진적 민주주의 = Laclau’s Antagonism and Radical Democracy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this paper is to trace Ernesto Laclau’s theory of ‘radical democracy.’ After the ‘Cold War’ the world is going straightly toward globalized capitalism, called New Liberalism. Under the global triumph of capitalism, democracy is on the skids, and freedom and equality is under threat. In the meanwhile, socialism is no longer accepted as an alternative social system of capitalism. It is this instance that Laclau intervenes in with his famous concepts such as ‘hegemony,’ ‘antagonism,’ and, ‘radical democracy.’
He attempts to deconstruct both Marxist theory and liberal democratic thought in order to reinterpret them in such a way that they could contribute to a more sufficient understanding of contemporary politics. On the one hand, he opposes persistently the global tendency toward capitalism. He also rejects the proletariat as a ‘universal’ class for the Revolution, on the other hand. In stead of the Marxist orthodox notions of class contradiction or class struggle, he introduces ‘antagonism(s)’ of the social. His ‘antagonism(s)’ reflects the over-determined social contradictions and various anti-capitalistic movements such as green, feminist, racial, local movements. He argues that ‘antagonism’ is constitutive of human society and that radical democracy is an effect(or a process) of its articulation. The model of radical democracy maintains the idea of an expanded version of democracy in more aspects of social life and of an attempt for constitution and multiplication of new identities.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 민주주의 혁명을 위한 특권적 주체는 없다.
• Ⅱ. 상대적 자율성, 최종심급, 적대
• Ⅲ. 적대, 헤게모니, 민주주의
• Ⅳ. 민주적 가치의 지속적 성찰
• 인용문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김정한, "포스맑스주의 이후 좌파이론의 최전선" (가을) : 373-376, 2009

2 Derrida, Jacques, "Specters of Marx" Routledge 1994

3 Geras, Norman, "Post-Marxism?, in Discourses of Extremity: Radical Ethics and Post-Marxist Extravagances" Verso 61-126, 2005

4 Laclau, Ernesto, "Post-Marxism without Apologies" 166 : 79-106, 1987

5 Laclau, Ernesto, "On Populist Reason" Verso 2005

6 Laclau, Ernesto, "Identity and Hegemony: The Role of Universality in the Constitution of Political Logics, in Contingency, Hegemony, Universality: Contemporary Dialogues on the Left" Verso 2000

7 Žižek, Slavoj, "Holding the Place, in Contingency, Hegemony, Universality: Contemporary Dialogues on the Left" Verso 2000

8 Laclau, Ernesto, "Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics" Verso 1999

9 Laclau, Ernesto, "Constructing Universality, in Contingency, Hegemony, Universality: Contemporary Dialogues on the Left" Verso 2000

10 Žižek, Slavoj, "Against the Populist Temptation" 32 (32): 551-574, 2006