유산소와 저항운동이 고령여성의 복부지방과 자립생활체력 및 면역세포에 미치는 영향 = Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise on Abdominal Fat, Self-reliance Fitness and Immune Cell in Elderly Women

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks aerobic and resistance exercise on abdominal fat, self-reliance fitness and immune cell in elderly women. The participants, who were aged 70 to 80 years, performed 12 weeks combined exercise program (3 days/wk, 75 min/day). Combined exercise decreased abdominal visceral fat, improved lower limbs muscle volume and self-reliance fitness. In addition, after combined exercise improved significantly with T-heJper cell number and T-helper/T-suppressor, NK cell number, IL-6 and TNF-α concentration. Therefore, the improvement in body composition, self-reliance fitness prevented sarcopenia. Also, strengthen of immune cell after combined exercise would be a positive effect for disorder of elderly caused by obesity and aging.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract
• 1. 서론
• 2. 연구내용 및 방법
• 3. 결과
• 4. 논의
• 5. 결론
• 후기
• 인용문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 권유찬, "유산소 트레이닝이 고령여성의 림프구 활성도 및 NK 세포수에 미치는 영향" 한국체육학회 41 (41): 543-552, 2002

2 박상갑, "복합운동이 고령여성의 복부지방과 인슐린 저항성 및 혈압에 미치는 영향" 한국생활환경학회 12 (12): 222-228, 2005

3 권용철, "노인용 한국판 Mini-Mental State Examination(K-MMSE)의 표준화 연구" 28 : 125-135, 1989

4 "국민건강보험공단 의료비 조사"

5 O'Leary, V.B., "resistance in obese elderly is associated with reduced visceral fat" 100 (100): 1584-1589, 2006

6 Mutho, Y., "Value and limitation of exercise for osteoporosis" 42 : 1077-1087, 1999

7 Starkweather, A.R., "The effects of exercise on perceived stress and IL-6 levels among older adults" 8 (8): 186-194, 2007

8 Tanaka, S., "T lymphopaenia in relation to body mass index and TNF-alpha in human obesity: adequate weight reduction can be corrective" 54 (54): 347-354, 2001

9 Bruunsgaard, H., "Special feature for the Olympics: effects of exercise on the immune system: effects of exercise on the immune system in the elderly population" 78 (78): 523-531, 2000

10 Leng, S., "Serum interleukin-6 and hemoglobin as physiological correlates in the geriatric syndrome of frailty: A pilot study" 50 : 1268-1271, 2002

11 Castillo, E.M., "Sarcopenia in elderly men and women: the Rancho Bernardo study" 25 (25): 226-231, 2003

12 Vincent, H.K., "Resistance training lowers exercise-induced oxidative stress and homocysteine levels in overweight and obese older adults" 14 (14): 1921-1930, 2006

13 Caterson, I.D., "Prevention Conference VII: Obesity, a worldwide epidemic related to heart disease and stroke: Group III: worldwide comorbidities of obesity" 110 (110): 476-483, 2004

14 Mokdad, A.H., "Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors" 289 (289): 76-79, 2003

15 Ader, R., "Preface In: Psychoneuroimmunology (3rd ed.)" Academic Press 2001

16 Pedersen, B.K., "Possible beneficial role of exercise in modulating low-grade inflammation in the elderly" 13 (13): 56-62, 2003

17 Leveille, S.G., "Musculoskeletal aging" 16 (16): 114-118, 2004

18 Weiss, C., "Lymphocyte subpopulations & conecentrations of souble CD4 and CD8 antigen after anaerobic training.Inrernational Journal of Sports" 16 : 117-1121, 1995

19 Yudkin, J.S., "Inflammation, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome" 39 (39): 707-709, 2007

20 Tilg, H., "IL-6 and APPs: anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive mediators" 18 (18): 428-432, 1997

21 Hendrich, A., "How to try this: predicting patient falls. Using the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model in clinical practice" 107 (107): 50-58, 2007

22 Borst, S.E., "High-fat diet induces increased tissue expression of TNF-alpha" 77 (77): 2156-2165, 2005

23 Burton, B.T., "Health implications of obesity: an NIH Consensus Development Conference" 85 (85): 1117-1121, 1985

24 ACSM, "Guidelines for exercise testing and prescription" Williams & Wilkins 117-, 2005

25 Halverstadt, A., "Endurance exercise training raises high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lowers small low-density lipoprotein and very lowdensity lipoprotein independent of body fat phenotypes in older men and women" 56 (56): 444-450, 2007

26 Scanga, C.B., "Effects of weight loss and exercise training on natural killer cell activity in obese women" 30 (30): 1666-1671, 1998

27 Nakamura, Y., "Effects of exercise frequency on functional fitness in older adult women" 44 (44): 163-173, 2007

28 Giannopoulou, I., "Effects of diet and/or exercise on the adipocytokine and inflammatory cytokine levels of postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes" 54 (54): 866-875, 2005

29 Woods, J.A., "Effects of 6 months of moderate aerobic exercise training on immune function in the elderly" 109 : 1-19, 1999

30 Jung, S.H., "Effect of weight loss on some serum cytokines in human obesity: increase in IL-10 after weight loss" 2007

31 Cottam, D.R., "Dysfunctional immune-privilege in morbid obesity: implications and effect of gastric bypass surgery" 13 (13): 49-57, 2003

32 Besedovsky, H.O., "Cytokines as mediators of central and peripheral immune-neuroendocrine interactions In: Psychoneuroimmunology" Academic Press 471-482, 2001

33 McFarlin, B.K., "Chronic resistance exercise training improves natural killer cell activity in older women" 60 (60): 1315-1318, 2005

34 Ferrucci, L., "Change in muscle strength explains accelerated decline of physical function in older women with high interleukin-6 serum levels" 50 : 1947-195, 2002

35 Pedersen, B.K., "Body mass index- independent effect of fitness and physical activity for all-cause mortality" 17 (17): 196-204, 2007

36 Trinchieri,G., "Biology of natural killer cells" 47 : 187-376, 1989

37 Takebayashi, K., "Association between plasma visfatin and vascular endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus" 56 (56): 451-458, 2007

38 Bruunsgaard, H., "A high plasma concentration of TNF-alpha is associated with dementia in centenarians" 54 (54): 357-364, 1999

39 Englund, U., "A 1-year combined weight-bearing training program is beneficial for bone mineral density and neuromuscular function in older women" 16 (16): 1117-1123, 2005