實生活 問題解決에 關한 自己評價尺度의 開發 = The Development of A Self-Appraisal Inventory of Real-Life Problem Solving

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Only a few studies have explicitly attended to the personal problem-solving process within the counseling literature, perhaps due in part to the dearth of relevant assessment instruments. An individual's self-appraisal of his or her problem-solving ability will affect his or her problem-solving performance.
This study examines the dimensions underlying the applied problem-solving process and describes the development of a Real-life Problem Solving Instrument (RPSI) based on factor-analysis results. In addition, the study delineates initial reliability and validity estimates of the instrument. Data were collected from three samples of students (ns=123, 33, and 22).
The factor analysis revealed three distinct constructs : approach vs. avoidance style, problem-solving confidence and will, and compulsiveness vs. self-control style. Although previous research has focused on stages within problem solving, these results suggest the existence of underlying dimensions across stages within people's perceptions of their real-life, personal problem solving.
Reliability estimates of the 32 items revealed that the constructs were internally consistent and stable over time. Initial estimates of validity suggest that the instrument is measuring constructs that are (1) related to general perceptions of problem-solving skills, except for satisfaction with the present problem-solving ability, (2) related in part to intelligence, most notably verbal ability, (3) unrelated to social desirability, (4) related to personality variables, most notably locus of control, and (5) amenable to change through specific skill training in problem solving.
The investigation has implications for future research on the personal problem-solving process and provides a research instrument that is easily administered and scored.