恭親王(혁흔)의 洋務思想 : 1860年代 = Prince Kohn-Chin's Policy of Westernizatior

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

China, with strong ethno-centricism had traditionally been acute in distinction of her own civilization from barbarism of the frontier people. The westerners, above all the frontiers, with their add appearence and different made of living, were most dispised ethnically as Western Devils, and were thought to be starved to death if they could get no supply of production from China. They even were regarded to eat human body. In 1840, however, Chin Dynasty was defeated by one of western powers in Opium War and in 1860 Peiping was capitulated to Anglo-French Allied Army. Western Powers began to suceed in transplanting their institution into China thanks to their advantage provided by Peiping Treaty. Thereafter China fell into the state of half-colony of western powers. During Taiping Rebellion (1850∼1864) western powers' policy toward China switched to help Chin Dynasty. Through the two wars against Great Britain Chin Dynasty recognized the excellent quality of modern weapons of western powers. After the conclusion of Peiping Treaty the Dynasty realized the good effect produced by the use of modern weapons in crushing the Taiping rebels. Gradually the Dynasty began to adopt the policy of assimilating western civilization and the new policy was called "Westernization Policy".(yang-moo) Thus China softened her traditional attitude of dispising any frontiers and began to make an effort to harmonize herself with the west and endeavored to assimilate western civilization and produce modern weapons by herself. The Westernization Policy was led by Prince Kochin, Foreign Minister, the uncle of the then Emperor. Kochin's confidence that the West would not turn its back to China's good will made him eager to conclude Peiping Treaty and willingly accept the offer of help from Great Bitain and France in crushing Taiping rebels. Thus Prince Kochin took the initiatlive role in forming China's new policy to assimilate western civilization.
This article aims to describe the process of switching of China's policy towards western powers and their civilization : to describe how Prince Kochin turned the traditional anti-west attitude down and set the new course of westernization ; and, above all, how China's munition industry arised.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 洋務思想으로서의 旋回
• Ⅱ. 洋務思想