한국의 국가재창조와 정부개혁 프로그램 = Reinventing State and Government Reform Programs in Korea

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 20세기 산업화 4세대 국가에서 21세기 정보화 국가로 전환하는 한국의 국가가 시민사회, 정치 사회, 및 자본과 맺고 있는 관계 틀을 재정립하고,나아가 세계체제와의 관계도 새롭게 구성하며 내부적으로 국가기구의 조직이나 관리방식을 근본적으로 바꾸는 국가재창조의 필요성과 구체적인 프로그램에 대해 정책 적인 비전과 방향을 처방적으로 제시한 연구이다 이를 위해 국가혁신, 정부혁신, 및 정부관리혁신의 3차원에 걸친 국가재창조의 노력과 프로그램의 집행이 필요함을 밝히고 있다. 특히 이 과정에 서구의 신자유주의적인 관리혁신의 프로그램들이 보완적으로 우리에게 활용될 수 있지만 국가의 기본 틀에 해당하는 국가와 시민사회 및 자본의 관계에 대한 모델은 영미형이나 대륙형 가운데 하나를 선택하기보다는 우리에게 적합한 상호 균형과 경쟁모형이 바람직함을 밝히고 있다. 또한 바람직한 국가 상과 역할 및 정부의 기능 변화의 방향에 대하여서도 구체적인 내용을 제시하고 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study intends to suggest the visions and programs of reinventing the Korean state and its reform programs in the 21 Century. Its basic role should be readjusted in terms of its position in the global capitalization context by shifting from the 'fourth' generation of industrialization(late late industrializer) to the 'first' generation of information age. Reinventing the State should be conducted in three different dimensions including the state innovation, the government reform, and new public management. Their programs should be formulated and implemented according to the dynamic interplay among the world system, the state, business, and civil society. Various managerial techniques could be adopted from the advanced OECD cases to the Korean situation with marginal adjustment efforts, while the state innovation should be made into the unique Korean model, critically different from others.
First, state innovation includes the reorientation of the state nature from the nee-mercantile security state to the cultural-welfare state with sustainable development. Many linkages of the state to the international and domestic arenas should be changed in the relationship with world state system, with world economic system, domestic civil society, in the government-business relation, in the executive - legislative - judiciary systems of the state, in the central-local government relations, etc. All these devices aims to remake the Korean state into the high-tech cultural state for the knowledge-based information and globalization world.
Second, the government reform programs aims to reshape the existing mechanisms of the 'developmental state' including state corporatist systems, authoritarian institutions, various policy networks and instruments. Major programs intend to rearrange the role of the government from the banker, planner, economic producer, regulators to the customer-oriented, market-oriented, entrepreneurial government. It also tries to abolish government regulations, rent-seeking activities, corruptions. Instead, it tries to accomplish the electronic government with cyber administration with the information free act to enhance the transparency in the public sector.
Third, the new public management(MPM) should be selectively adjusted to the Korean public sector with new governance. A set of new public administration movement of the OECD members are useful for the national competitiveness of the public sector. They are out-sourcing, contract out, total quality control(TQM), empowering, reorganization, enhancing policy evaluation, R & D, privatization, deregulation, de-bureaucratization, team system, networking re-engineering, management by objectives (MBO), citizen charter, total budget, contract by performance, competition between government and/or business, agency model, etc.
However, all these reform techniques should be selectively adopted to the Korean state according to three different level of the reinventing state model. The new liberalism of the OECD states are mainly for their cases, which are adjusted according to their unique historical - cultural context; capitalism induced Western democracy, then, democracy invited bureaucracy. In contrast, the Korean case, where bureaucracy select capitalism, then, democracy, is basically different to the Western case, which is given by force, especially by IMF, with new-liberalism.
Therefore, the visions and programs of the Korean reinventing efforts should be different from its advanced friends of the OECD members. In sum, it can adopt the technical aspects of reform movement in the Western countries, selectively, while its framework of the state-society-business-world system should be fundamentally different one based on the Korean cultural historical context. This is why the Koreans should reinvent their state for the new millenium of the global world and information society. The Koreans should invent another unique model for the 'first generation' of the global information age by achieving the strongest power for the cyberspace, that is, the advanced cyber state with active global NCOs; the new governance will be a useful alternative for the new state management.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 국가재창조의 이론적 배경
• 1. 국가혁신
• 2. 정부혁신과 관리혁신
• Ⅲ. 국가혁신과 정부개혁프로그램
• 1. 국가혁신의 목표로서의 21세기 한국의 국가상
• 2. 국가와 사회, 기업과의 관계 재정립
• 3. 세계체제와 국가간의 관계 재정립
• 4. 국가혁신과 국가기관간의 관계 조정
• Ⅳ. 정부혁신과 정부개혁프로그램
• 1. 국가재창조를 위한 정부의 기능과 역할의 변화
• 2. 정부조직개편의 장기적 방향
• 3. 국가기구의 근본적인 변화와 정부 조직 개편의 기본방향
• 4. 정부조직의 기본 성격 재정립
• Ⅴ. 정부관리혁신과 정부개혁 프로그램
• 1. 정부관리 혁신
• 2. 전자정부와 첨단국가
• 3. 정부산하기관 개혁방안: 공기업, 출연기관, 지원기관 등
• 4. 정책과정별 공공관리혁신 방안
• Ⅵ. 맺는말