Catalytic hydrocracking, hydrogenation, and isomerization reactions of model biomass tar over (W/Ni)-zeolites

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Producing bio-based aromatic substrates is becoming increasingly of (industrial) interest. In this mechanisticwork, the gas phase conversion of the biomass tar chemical model compounds (5 wt% naphthalene/95 wt% 1-methylnaphthalene) over the different pristine/metal-modified zeolites in acontinuous flow fixed bed reactor was investigated. Bifunctional redox acid process catalysts were synthesizedby wet impregnation method. The effect of the W (/Ni) metal formulation additives to the pristineH-beta, H-USY, H-Y, and H-ZSM-5 in the hydrocracking, hydrogenation, and isomerizationtransformation reactions of the mixture under applied ambient pressure was firstly studied. Structure,texture, morphology, acidity, composition and properties were determined by various analytical techniques.
Results showed that the highest catalytic activity with a comparison to others was establishedover the 20 wt% W-beta with 96.0 mol% of the selectivity to 2-methylnaphthalene, the 93.3 mol% reactedtotal reactant after the 24 h time on stream, where ethylene/propane were predominating (80.5 wt%), andfacile manufacturing scalability. Detailed characterization methodologies have revealed that after theloading of W onto H-beta_support, a uniform functional distribution of particles, the dealumination offramework and strong interaction phenomena were observed, which led to an increase in the amountof Brønsted/Lewis/reduction surface sites, and hence, increase stability of the catalyst. In addition,equilibrium coke formation was detected, decreasing all estimated rates, undergoing also consequentexternal deactivation, blocking pores, and its burning-off regeneration being needed. While both spentW-modified (20 wt%)/unmodified H-beta/ZSM-5 exhibited the lowest carbon quantity, the same freshmaterials possessed the uppermost hierarchy factors.

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