Molecular characterization and genetic diversity of avian paramyxovirus type 4 isolated in South Korea from 2013 to 2017

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In recent years, avian paramyxovirus type 4 (APMV-4) frequently isolated from wild and domestic bird populations particularly waterfowls worldwide. However, molecular characteristics and genetic diversity of APMV-4 are uncertain, owing to the limited availability of sequence information. A total of 11 APMV-4 strains from 9850 fecal, swab, and environmental samples were isolated during the surveillance program in wintering seasons of 2013–2017 in South Korea. We performed genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis to investigate the genetic diversity and relatedness between isolates from the region. We report high APMV-4 genetic diversity (multiple genotypes and sub-genotypes) among wild bird and poultry populations in Korea and that the potential virus exchange occurs between neighboring countries via wild bird migration. Furthermore, our study results suggest the possibility of transcontinental transmission of APMV-4 between Asia and Europe.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The APMV-4 strains were isolated from wild bird samples and environment in Korea. </LI> <LI> Phylogenetic analysis provided an evidence that at least four genotypes likely exist within APMV-4 in the world. </LI> <LI> The similar viruses originating from sample collected from multiple sites across the region/continent. </LI> <LI> Possible transcontinental transmission of APMV-4 was detected between Asia and Europe. </LI> <LI> Migratory birds might play an important role as a natural reservoir and carrier in the international movement of viruses. </LI> </UL> </P>