인간의 경제적, 도덕적 그리고 종교적 차원 - 애덤 스미스의 경제학과 윤리학을 넘어 왕양명과 키에르케고어의 종교적 존재로 - = Human economic, moral and religious dimensions

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Adam Smith (1723-1790) found it efficient to pursue one's own interests within the scope of satisfying others' interests, and to rely more on mutual interests than to expect of others' benevolence. As such, human beings are physical beings with their souls, so they try to realize the desire and desire to maximize their selfishness, the physical desire of human beings. If understood from the philosophical point of view of Wang Yang-Ming (1472-1528), the human term means a complex of physical desires and souls, and the human term naturally flows in the direction of maximizing one's self-interest. In this regard, mainstream economics, which approaches at a realistic level, sees humans as basically selfish beings.
The reason why human beings can be human is that they are not buried in reality but rather seek the values and meanings that life pursues. In this regard, human beings are both economically-looking and at the same time seeking moral life. Adam Smith explored the moral laws, or moral sensibilities, that occur in the mind when a human being enters into the nature and act of an asset to his neighbor or himself. Wang Yang-Ming's point of view is that if the human mind removes its immoral selfish passion and desire and acts according to the voice of the sheep within the human body, the human mind corresponds to the moral principle and reason. Wang Yang-Ming's moral principle refers to the moral feelings of humans that urge individuals to take actions that are beneficial to others' positions and remove desires for their own sake.
Kierkegaard(1813-1855) argues that in order to understand the origin of the human mind or of the human soul, one must move on to the absolute, the source of the human soul. The originator of the human soul was not accessible by reason or sensibility, but only through the faith of man. Kierkegaard is divided into aesthetic, ethical and religious levels. And he saw that the path to restoring the fundamental nature of man becomes human through meeting with God in faith, which is the religious stage of man. Wang Yang-Ming stresses that men's physiological or selfish desires should be controlled and governed to prevent them from subdueing the reason and principle of heaven, where they are located in humans. If human nature is governed by nature, which is a true nature, human beings can express good morality like human beings, but if human beings do not recognize the nature of being one of nature, they can act against nature and act immorally.
This paper tries to examine the complex and diverse strata of human beings by dividing the two philosophers into these three stages. In particular, we want to look at the lowest level of sensory (psychological) and self-interest at an economic level in order to understand the human nature of today. And besides the economic dimension, we will look at what cultural status human moral dimension has become in our society, and finally, why religious dimension is important in order to properly establish human moral culture.

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