補充法과 不完全系列의 問題 = The Problem of Supplection and Defective Paradigms in Korean

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper systematically re-examines the two concepts of "suppletion" and "defective paradigm" in Korean grammar. In defining "suppletion" in Korean we found that : 1) "Defective paradigm" means simply that there are restrictions on the affixes that may attach to a verbal or nominal base: this covers the majority of "defective verbs" and a small number of free and bound nouns. 2) Suppletion is characterized by the filling in of paradigm gaps. Talta has been referred to as a defective verb in the past, but we view it as a case of suppletion. Likewise for the affixes -kela, -nela, -le, formerly called "irregular conjugations." 3) We also include the irregular t,p,s stem verbs and affix -ye as cases of pseudo-suppletion. 4) The 1st pl. pronoun wuli, the ordinal chesccay, and honca are cases of substantival suppletion. 5) The subject honorifics cwumusita, capswusita and tolakasita, and the MK object honorifics yetcApta, cezApta, are cases of verbal suppletion. ("sleep" and "die" are regular in MK: cf. casita and cwukusita) 6) Traditionally, talta has been viewed as a "defective verb," but given its function as "give" in the sense of "give to the speakers," we can view it as in a suppletive relation with cwuta. 7) Traditionally, malta and anhta have been treated independently, but given their complementary distribution and their common semantic component, we can also treat these as a case of suppletion.