A 2.4-GHz Low-power Low-IF Receiver Employing a Quadrature Low-noise Amplifier for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this paper, a low-power low-IF receiver employing a quadrature low-noise amplifier (LNA) is proposed for Bluetooth low energy (BLE) applications. The proposed quadrature LNA, which can provide accurate quadrature signals in the RF path, consists of a common-source amplifier with inductive degeneration and a quadrature generator based on a common-gate amplifier with a single RC network. Therefore, a BLE receiver using the proposed LNA can eliminate quadrature generating circuitry of the LO chain, thereby reducing power consumption. The implemented receiver is composed of the quadrature LNA, single-to-differential double-balanced active mixer, and second-order Gm-C complex filter. Simulated in a 65-nm CMOS process, it achieves a conversion gain, noise figure, and an image rejection ratio of 53.2 dB, 4.81 dB and 38 dB, respectively, and consumes 2.2 mA from a supply voltage of 0.8 V. The die area is 2.24 mm2.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 S. Lee, "Ultralow-power 2.4-GHz receiver with all passive sliding-IF mixer" 66 (66): 2356-2362, 2018

2 S. Binsfeld Ferreira, "System Design of a 2.75-mW Discrete-Time Superheterodyne Receiver for Bluetooth Low Energy" 65 (65): 1904-1913, 2017

3 A. Selvakumar, "Sub-mW current re-use receiver front-end for wireless sensor network applications" 50 (50): 2965-2974, 2015

4 B. Razavi, "RF Microelectronics" Prentice-Hall 2012

5 M. Tedeschi, "Low-power quadrature receivers for ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4)applications" 45 (45): 1710-1719, 2010

6 A. Selvakumar, "Current-Recycling Complex Filter for Bluetooth-Low-Energy Applications" 62 (62): 332-336, 2015

7 "Bluetooth Specification; version 5.0; vol.6 (Low Energy Controller)"

8 B. Park, "BLE receiver employing new quadrature LNA for IoT application" 2020

9 S. Kim, "A low-power RF-to-BB-currentreuse receiver employing simultaneous noise and input matching and 1/f noise reduction for IoT applications" 29 (29): 614-616, 2019

10 K. Kwon, "A 5.8 GHz integrated CMOS dedicated short range communication transceiver for the Korea/Japan electronic toll collection system" 58 (58): 2751-2763, 2010

11 B. J. Thijssen, "A 370 μW 5.5dB-NF BLE/BT5.0/IEEE 802.15.4-compliant receiver with > 63dB adjacent channel rejection at >2 channels offset in 22nm FDSOI" 466-468, 2020

12 A. Liscidini, "A 2.4 GHz 3.6 mW 0.35 mm2quadrature front-end RX for ZigBee and WPAN applications" 370-620, 2008

13 M. Silva-Pereira, "A 1.7-mW −92-dBm sensitivity low-IF receiver in 0.13-μm CMOS for Bluetooth LE applications" 67 (67): 332-346, 2019

14 A. Balankutty, "A 0.6-V zero-IF/low-IF receiver with integrated fractional-N synthesizer for 2.4-GHz ISM-band applications" 45 (45): 538-553, 2010

15 M. Tamura, "A 0.5V BLE transceiver with a 1.9 mW RX achieving −96.4 dBm sensitivity and 4.1 dB adjacent channel rejection at 1 MHz offset in 22 nm FDSOI" 468-470, 2020

16 H. Yi, "A 0.18-V 382 μW Bluetooth lowenergy receiver front-end with 1.33-nW sleep power for energy-harvesting applications in 28-nm CMOS" 53 (53): 1618-1627, 2018