산업혁명기(産業革命期) 영국(英國)의 「조교법학교(助敎法學校)」 연구(硏究) = A Study on the Monitorial School during the Age of the Industrial Revolution in the United Kingdom

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study attempted to describe some aspects of The Monitorial School during the age of the Industrial Revolution in the United kingdom in the following sequence: (1) Introduction (2) The establishment and development of the monitorial school. (3) The characteristics of the monitorial system and the educational activities of the monitorial school. (4) The criticism on the education of the monitorial school. (5) Conclusion. The results of this study may be described as follows: (1) The monitorial school hired monitors in educational practice was rather a weekday school or full-time school, not a Sunday School opened only on Sundays. (2) The monitorial system of education was implemented and practiced by Andrew Bell (1753-1838) and Joseph Lancaster (1778-1837) respectively without any cooperation. (3) An Experiment in Education, made in the Male Asylum at Madras written by Andrew Bell was published in 1797 and Improvement in Education, as it respects the Industrial Classes of the Community written by Joseph Lancaster was also published in 1803. After the two books above mentioned were published, the monitorial system of education was diffused, gained acceptance, and increased in greater number rapidly. (4) In order to diffuse the monitorial system of education the two societies came to be organized, such as National Society for the Education of the Poor in the Principles of the Established Church throughout England and Wales, which supported the monitorial system of Andrew Bell, and British and Foreign School Society, to support the monitorial system of Joseph Lancaster. The former was upheld by the Churchman or Churchwoman, and the latter by the non-Conformist (dissenter). (5) The monitorial school was an organization of education for the poor or working classes during the age of the Industrial Revolution in the United Kingdom. (6) The monitorial school aimed (1) religious education, (2) moral education, and (3) 3R`s such as reading, writing, and arithmetic. (7) The monitorial school was falling into a period of decadence from 1840-50 and discontinued by the Elementary Education Act in 1870. The method applied in this study was purely descriptive on the basis of educational and historial writings, documents, papers, letter including regulations, prescripts and laws during this particular period.