This study delves into the correlation of the ideological propensity to the political generation in Korea. It differs from the existing literature in two respects. First, a different criterion is employed in defining and grouping political generations...
This study delves into the correlation of the ideological propensity to the political generation in Korea. It differs from the existing literature in two respects. First, a different criterion is employed in defining and grouping political generations, focusing upon the early political socialization ages between 16 and 20. The so-called, sweeping Democratization generation is re-categorized into two: the democratization realization generation (DRG) and the democratization striving generation. Second, the political generation’s ideological propensity is analyzed by differentiating a cohort effect, age effect, and period effect.
One critical finding of the analysis is that the DRG is even more liberal than the younger generation. Another important finding is that the impact of the period effect varies from generation to generation, and even within the same generation it appears differently from low to high educational levels. It is the DRG that shows the most drastic change affected by the period effect of the 2007 presidential election in which the liberal inclination was prominently losing its ground. As for the DRG’s drastic change, age effects can provide a possible explanation. This generation’s life cycle, which is at the stage of high financial responsibilities, happens to coincide with the national economic decline, therefore the DRG is more susceptible to the period effect, as shown in the 2007 election. This is why within the DRG, the ones with a high school and lower educational level are more likely to show their against toward the poor economic performance of the previous liberal government.
(keyword: political generation, ideological disposition, cohort effect, age effect, period effect)