법장의 화엄교학과 『대승기신론』 = Fazang’s Huayan Doctrine and the Awakening of Faith in Mahayana

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper explores the relationship between Fazang's(法藏, 643-712) Huayan(華嚴) teachings and the Awakening of Faith in Mahayana(大乘起信論), and examines how the Awakening of Faith was understood within Fazang's systems of doctrinal classification. It investigates the meaning of citations of the Awakening of Faith found in early works like the Wujiaozhang(五教章) and later works such as the QixinlunYigi(起信論義記) and the Tanxuanji(探玄記). It clarifies that the Five Doctrinal Classifications(五敎判) and Four Doctrinal Schools(四宗判) have different interests, and there was no change in Fazang's doctrinal classifications between his early and later thought.
In the Five Doctrinal Classifications established in the Wujiaozhang, the Awakening of Faith holds the status of the Three Vehicles(三乘), clearly distinguished from the One Vehicle Perfect Teaching(一乘圓敎). While the Awakening of Faith encompasses the Initial Teaching(始敎) and plays a pivotal role in laying the foundation for Fazang's Huayan teachings, it is classified as the Final Teaching(終敎), thus differing in dimension from the One Vehicle Perfect Teaching based on the Huayan Sutra(華嚴經).
The QixinlunYigi classifies the Awakening of Faith as the ‘Tathagatagarbha- dependent Arising School(如來藏緣起宗)’ according to the system of the Four Doctrinal Schools. Discussions of True Suchness(眞如) and non-obstruction(無礙) in the QixinlunYigi are based on non-obstruction between principle and phenomenon(理事無礙), which is distant from the non-obstruction between phenomena(事事無礙) dimension presented by the Separate One Vehicle(別教一乘). The Tanxuanji maintains the position of the Wujiaozhang, which places the Awakening of Faith in the category of the Three Vehicle Final Teaching, thereby subordinate to the One Vehicle Perfect Teaching. It is reasonable to view the Five Doctrinal Classifications and the Four Doctrinal Schools as having their own independent meanings within Fazang's doctrinal classification theory. The Four Doctrinal Schools primarily focus on encompassing the Alaya-consciousness(阿賴耶識) of the Yogacara(唯識) tradition through the Tathagatagarbha(如來藏) thought, whereas the Five Doctrinal Classifications seem to be primarily concerned with the non-obstruction between phenomena(事事無礙) discussions of the One Vehicle Perfect Teaching within Huayan teachings.