귀환 베트남 이주노동자의 삶과 동아시아 인적교류

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Vietnam has officially exported more than 40,000 workers to Korea since 1993 and many of them chose to be illegal workers and endured hard life to earn money for around 3 to 11 years in Korea. After returning home, they would also find difficulty adapting to the living and working conditions of their own country. This article deals with the Vietnamese returnees from Korea, on the one hand, to explore the relationship of their transnational experiences, social relations, and culture. On the other hand, this article also seeks to find out the implication of the workers` experiences in both countries to the development of human exchange in East Asia. For the purpose, based on the fieldwork mainly in January 2007 in Ho Chi Minh city, this article attempts to explain several things as follows. First, this article examines economic conditions, social relations, and cultural politics that Vietnamese immigrant workers experience in Korea. Second, it explores economic hardship the returnees encounter in their homeland and how they respond to it in their transforming social relations and culture. Third, it seeks to interpret how the returnees` transnational experiences and hybrid social cultural life in so called "in-between space" produce their distinctive consciousness and practice. Finally, this article discusses what are the political implication of the returnees` experience, consciousness and practice not only to the development of human exchange but also to the development of ``East Asian Community`` in East Asia. Vietnamese returnees from Korean immigrant work would respond in two ways to their own difficult situations in homeland. They reconstruct their memory on the experiences in Korea, which influences on their critical evaluation of life conditions in homeland. They also attempt to reinforce their relationship with Koreans in Vietnam or/and to find a way to go back to Korea. However, insofar as the governments of both countries are not interested in helping the returnees and utilizing their transnational experiences, their various attempts are usually not so successful. In the circumstances, the returnees express antagonism against governmental ignorance and control of their life more than capitals utilizing their labor power. The returnees` political consciousness implies how immigrant workers` experiences can be an obstacle rather than an medium for the further development of regional cooperation in East Asia.

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