중국의 종교통제와 사회 안정 = Religious Control and Social Stability in China

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

China's control over religions is an indispensable part of achieving its national objectivesocialist modernization. It thus is zeroing in on political and social stability and contains the following characteristics.
First and most fundamentally, politics are not separated from religion. As religion is under the close watch of the state, religious credos and beliefs are severely circumscribed. In terms of organization, the party and state organsindividually or jointlyexercise oversight or even outright control over religious groups and their leaders. Thus, any interactions between religions and socialism in China should be seen as those of one-sided, command, and dependent relationships that go to the heart of the communist party rule in China.
Second, the above traits generate religious policy in China. The state's rule over religions guarantees an individual's religious faith and freedom to choose religions, but that does not mean free religious activities. In brief, only those religions approved by the party can exist, and their activities are tightly controlled as well.
Thirdand due to the above traits, the state's rule over religions as well as limited religious activities lead to artificiality and the "rule-of-men" practices in addressing religious issues. This is not uncommon in China.
Far more serious, however, is the communist party's conception of religion, which should be eradicated, which is of pre-modern and superstitious character, and which might impede socialist modernization. In light of the improvements in individual activities as well as in its international practices in the reform era, however, it is ironic to note that China still wishes to achieve social stability and economic development by restricting religious activities. As the modern-day Chinese socialism mantra "moving with times" (yushi jujin) illustrates, a greater recognition of religious functions and role in society would contribute to political and social stability in China.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 문제의 제기
• Ⅱ. 중국 대 종교 인식의 기본 원칙
• Ⅲ. 중국 종교 인식의 변천
• Ⅳ. 당대 중국의 종교 통제 정책
• Ⅴ. 중국 종교의 소생과 통제의 충돌
• Ⅵ. 결론 : 중국의 종교 통제와 사회안정

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