제주 영등굿의 기원에 대한 재고찰 = A Reconsideration of the Origin of Yeongdeung-gut in Jeju

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The origin of Yeongdeung-gut was found in the part of the customs in Jeju in Newly Augmented Geographical Survey of the Territory of the Eastern Kingdom (Sinjeungdonggugyeojiseungnam 新增東國輿地勝覽) that the legend related to Yeondeungjeol(燃燈節) which was performed from February 1 to 15 and also found in the record of Yeondeungjeol legend narrated by Jeju man named Mun Gye- myeong in Namsarok (南槎錄) which was written by Kim Sang-heon. However, as discussed earlier, it is necessary to reconsider the origin of Yeongdeung-gut. First of all, it is necessary to distinguish Yeongdeungjeol from Yeongdeunggut, which has the characteristics of a seasonal custom. In other words, as described in Newly Augmented Geographical Survey of the Territory of the Eastern Kingdom (Sinjeungdonggugyeojiseungnam 新增東國輿地勝覽), it needs to be understood as various performances on the Yeondeungjeol as a seasonal custom rituals held in villages such as Gudeok and Gimnyeong from February 1 to 15 and Yakmahee(躍馬戱) held in Aewol. In addition, it is necessary to understands events taken from each temple and festivals held in each household in Jeju Island as various performances held on the Yeondeungjeol as a seasonal custom.
It seems desirable to distinguish the literary origin of Yeongdeung- gut from the stories in Newly Augmented Geographical Survey of the Territory of the Eastern Kingdom and find it in the legend related to Yeondeungjeol in Namsarok. Of course, this is characterized by the succession of the oral heritage and it may be possible to further expand its origin in the realm of oral culture that cannot be found in the text culture. In particular, there is no need to forcibly link sa(槎), Yakmahee(躍馬戱), Yeondeung(燃燈), Yeondeungjeol(燃燈節), the God of Yeongdeung(燃燈神) with the contents of Yeongdeung-gut to interpret it. Even though the performance related to the contents of Newly Augmented Geographical Survey of the Territory of the Eastern Kingdom was in the form of shamanic ritual, it is desirable to understand all of them as the traditions of Yeondeungjeol, which is unique feature of Jeju. Furthermore, the tradition of Yeongdeung-gut which continued in the realm of wind, fishery and agriculture, need to be understood at a different level from the tradition of Yeondeungjeol. In terms of the origin and succession of Yeongdeung-gut, the related aspects of oral tradition materials seem more important than the written records.