This study explores the development trends of Korean romantic reality television programs, focusing on how contemporary viewers’ emotional values and needs for self-actualization are reflected and fulfilled through such shows. Centering on the repre...
This study explores the development trends of Korean romantic reality television programs, focusing on how contemporary viewers’ emotional values and needs for self-actualization are reflected and fulfilled through such shows. Centering on the representative cases of My Sassy Romance (끝사랑) and Nineteen to Twenty (19/20), this research applies Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to examine the differing generational desires of viewers and how these are expressed through the content and format of each program.
The paper is structured into five chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction. It outlines the evolution of Korean romance reality TV from early forms focused on entertainment to more emotionally resonant content that satisfies viewers’ psychological needs. These programs now serve not only to fulfill desires for love and belonging across age groups but also play a cultural role in promoting self-actualization within the increasingly complex emotional landscape of modern society. By reviewing previous research, this section underscores the relevance of Maslow’s theory as an analytical framework and highlights the originality of this study in its generational comparison, particularly in identifying differences, commonalities, and sociocultural implications between younger and older viewers.
Chapter 2 offers a historical overview of Korean romance variety shows, presented in three developmental stages. The first stage, representing the early era, is characterized by simple love stories and rigid formats. The second stage, emerging in the 2010s, reflects the rise of “K-sentiment,” emphasizing genuine emotional expression and viewer empathy. The third stage, unfolding after 2020, is marked by diversified narratives and cross-generational emotional storytelling. This chapter illustrates significant shifts, including expanded age demographics, deeper narrative structures, and greater focus on personal growth and social issues, all of which were further shaped by the pandemic, evolving intergenerational relationships, and intensified emotional storytelling.
Chapter 3 presents the core analysis using Maslow’s theory to conduct an in-depth examination of the two programs. My Sassy Romance is analyzed as a leading example targeting middle-aged viewers, focusing on their needs for belonging and esteem, and demonstrating how the program fosters emotional revival and psychological satisfaction. Nineteen to Twenty, by contrast, caters to young audiences by portraying love, friendship, and self-discovery, thereby constructing an idealized narrative of youth and growth. This chapter also compares the two programs, revealing that while older viewers prioritize emotional stability and social respect, younger audiences are more focused on personal fulfillment and identity formation.
Chapter 4 investigates the appeal and social influence of romantic reality shows. It analyzes the unique strengths and competitive edge of My Sassy Romance and Nineteen to Twenty, considering how the evolution of such programs intersects with the growing desire for self-actualization. These shows break the limits of traditional emotional expression by showcasing diverse relationships and intergenerational dialogue, offering a new paradigm for emotional storytelling in contemporary society.
Chapter 5 concludes the study by summarizing its findings and implications. Through the analysis of My Sassy Romance and Nineteen to Twenty, the study reveals that Korean romance reality shows are evolving beyond simple romantic entertainment toward a deeper focus on personal growth and emotional healing. As viewer needs become more diverse, the genre increasingly emphasizes self-realization. Nineteen to Twenty resonates strongly with Gen Z by addressing emotional development and identity formation during the transition to adulthood, while My Sassy Romance presents a more realistic emotional journey of healing and rediscovery in later life, greatly appealing to older audiences. Overall, the study demonstrates that Korean romantic reality TV is shifting toward meeting profound emotional needs, expanding its narratives to include psychological transformation, social values, and life choices. This suggests a future where such programs reflect emotional needs across age groups, potentially incorporating elements like psychological counseling to deliver deeper emotional impact and social meaning.
Academically, this study advances the application of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to the analysis of cultural content, offering both theoretical insight and practical guidance for innovation in romantic reality programming. Furthermore, by conducting a generational comparison, it expands the scope of discourse on the sociocultural significance of romance variety shows, offering a fresh lens through which to understand contemporary emotional values and social connectivity.
Keywords: Korean romantic reality television, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, self-actualization, generational differences