수행목표 재개념화에 의한 5요인 성취목표 척도 개발

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구의 목적은 수행목표를 둘러싼 논쟁들을 해결하고, 동시에 성취목표 이론의 핵심적 특징을 반영하는 새로운 성취목표척도를 개발하고 타당화하는 것이다. 이를 위해 기존의 접근-회피, 숙달-수행목표 구분을 유지하면서 동시에 규준중심 수행목표와 능력중심 수행목표를 추가 구분함으로써, 숙달목표, 규준중심 수행접근목표, 능력중심 수행접근목표, 규준중심 수행회피목표, 능력중심 수행회피목표로 이루어진 5요인 성취목표척도를 개발하였다. 각각 고등학생과 중학생으로 이루어진 두 표본의 응답에 대해 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 5요인 성취목표 구조의 안정성을 지지하는 결과가 도출되었다. 개발된 성취목표척도의 준거타당도 검증을 위해 주요 선행변인과 결과변인을 함께 포함한 구조방정식 모형을 분석한 결과, 역시 5요인 구조를 지지하는 결과가 관찰되었다. 실패에 대한 두려움은 숙달목표를 제외한 모든 수행접근목표와 수행회피목표를 정적으로 예측하였으며, 학업적 자기효능감은 숙달목표와 수행접근목표를 정적으로, 수행회피목표를 부적으로 예측하였다. 특히 규준중심 수행접근목표는 학업성취를 정적으로 예측한 반면, 능력중심 수행접근목표는 학업성취를 부적으로 예측함으로써 수행목표의 상이한 두 측면을 독립적으로 측정할 필요성을 입증하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of the present study was to develop and validate a five-factor achievement goal scale for Korean adolescents that reflects the essential components of each achievement goal and, by doing so, resolves the ongoing controversy surrounding the performance goal. The new five-factor achievement goal scale consists of the mastery, normative performance-approach, ability-focused performance-approach, normative performance-avoidance, and ability-focused performance-avoidance goal subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis of the responses from middle and high school students demonstrated structural stability of the five-factor achievement goal structure. Validity of the five-factor achievement goal scale was further supported by the relationship of each achievement goal to its respective antecedents and an achievement index. Differential predictive utility of normative and ability-focused performance-approach goals was identified, as the former predicted achievement positively while the latter did so negatively. We discussed theoretical and practical implications of the new five-factor achievement goal scale and suggested directions for future research in this area.

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