We set the goal of this study to develop the office building rent index calculation model by the hedonic method controlling the physical characteristics, location and accessibility which are influential on the level of rent and to establish the office...
We set the goal of this study to develop the office building rent index calculation model by the hedonic method controlling the physical characteristics, location and accessibility which are influential on the level of rent and to establish the office building rent forecast model which is connected with the macro economic variables.
This thesis analyses rent determinants of Seoul office market. Monthly rent, which is considered as one of the most stable commercial objects in real estate fund market, is the main investment factor for office buildings. Since more than 70% of Korea’s office buildings are located in Seoul, the research has been performed as focusing on Seoul office market. This study analyzes total 609 office buildings with minimum gross floor area (the”GFA”) over 9,917m2 (3,000 pyung).
The market has been divided into four sub-markets; the Central Business District (the “CBD”), the Gangnam Business District (the “GBD”), Mapo-Yeongdeungpo District and other sub-market district. In this analysis, asking rent is composed of deposit * corporate bond yield rate/12 added to monthly rent, and used as a dependent variable. The independent variables fall into four categories ― a location factor (official land price and proximity to the nearest subway station), an architectural factor (building age, gross floor area, and total floor), an ownership type (owned by corporate - dummy, owned by real estate fund or REITs or foreign investment capital - dummy), and a contract type (monthly rent contract compared with Cheonsei―dummy).
The main results are as follows.
1. First, office rent market in Seoul can be divided into three major sub-markets followed by an economic growth and industrial development; the CBD sub-market, the GBD sub-market, and Mapo-Yeongdeungpo sub-market. In the rent comparison with each sub-market, official land price, proximity to the nearest subway, and building age and contract type dummy are different, but the gross floor area, total floor, and the corporate ownership dummy are indifferent. Therefore, it is predictable that Seoul office sub-market is indifferent from the geographical distribution of building scale (GFA) while the development period of each sub-market varies by time. The regional portfolio of investment in office buildings is not different.
2. Secondly, official land price, GFA, and total floor have shown high correlations with the rent, in the meantime, the ownership type dummy variable has shown a low correlation. According to analysis by sub-markets, official land price has a correlation with rent in CBD. In GBD, proximity to the nearest subway has a minus correlation with rent while the contract type dummy variable has a positive correlation with rent. Corporate ownership dummy variable has correlation with rent in the CBD and Mapo-Yeongdeungpo District.
3. In the total office market of Seoul, by means of the linear regression analysis, official land prices, GFA, corporate ownership are the major rent determinants of Seoul office market. In the analysis which includes each sub-market dummy variables, official land price, GFA, CBD dummy, owned by real estate fund, and corporate ownership are chosen as independent variables of the model. Among the sub-market dummy variables, CBD where the number of office buildings is the largest with highest monthly rent has been selected as a determinant of office rent. Compared to an analysis which does not include sub-market dummy variables, the ownership type that are represented by fund ownership and corporate ownership variables, has been added to the model as a determinant of office rent.
As a result, the office rent, an efficient real estate investment factor, is mainly influenced by location which is represented by the official land price and an architectural factor which is represented by GFA. In addition, as determinants of office rent, the main variables are estimated differently, according to sub-markets. The fund ownership and corporate ownership variables can be considered as determinants of office rent, and these factors have been applied to the investment decision for an office building in order to produce a stable outcome.