The effect of consumer value perceived by coffee shop consumers on customer satisfaction, customer preference, customer loyalty, and revisit intention: Focusing on cafes in Busan Jung, Ji Hun Major in Hotel, Food Service, and Tourism Management Gradua...
The effect of consumer value perceived by coffee shop consumers on customer satisfaction, customer preference, customer loyalty, and revisit intention: Focusing on cafes in Busan Jung, Ji Hun Major in Hotel, Food Service, and Tourism Management Graduate School of Tourism Youngsan University Advisor: Lee, Jun-Hyuk This study seeks to determine the causality among consumer value, customer satisfaction, customer preference, customer loyalty, and revisit intention perceived by coffee shop consumers. By doing so, this study aims to derive implications and practical ways to enable sustainable growth of coffee shops beyond academic development. Thus, this study conducted an empirical analysis through a survey targeting coffee shop consumers to identify causality among consumer value, customer satisfaction, customer preference, customer loyalty, and revisit intention as perceived by consumers. The results were as follows: The subfactors of consumer value were functional value, emotional value, symbolic value, and self-expressive value. First, the hypothesis that functional value would have a significant positive effect (+) on customer satisfaction was rejected. The hypothesis that emotional value would have a significant positive (+) effect on customer satisfaction was adopted. Next, the hypothesis that symbolic value would have a significant positive (+) effect on customer satisfaction was adopted. The hypothesis that self-expressive value would have a significant positive effect (+) on customer satisfaction was rejected. Second, the hypothesis that functional value would have a significant positive effect (+) on customer preference was adopted. The hypothesis emotional value would have a significant positive effect (+) on customer preference was adopted. The hypothesis that symbolic value would have a significant positive effect (+) on customer preference was adopted. The hypothesis that self-expressive value would have a significant positive effect (+) on customer preference was adopted. Third, the hypothesis that functional value would have a significant positive effect (+) on customer loyalty was adopted. The hypothesis that emotional value would have a significant positive effect (+) on customer loyalty was adopted. The hypothesis that symbolic value would have a significant positive effect (+) on customer loyalty was adopted. The hypothesis that self-expressive value would have a significant positive effect (+) on customer loyalty was adopted. Fourth, the hypothesis that functional value would have a significant positive effect (+) on the intention to revisit was rejected. The hypothesis that emotional value would have a significant positive effect (+) on revisit intention was adopted. The hypothesis that symbolic value would have a significant positive effect (+) on revisit intention was adopted. The hypothesis that self-expressive value would have a significant positive effect (+) on revisit intention was rejected. Fifth, customer satisfaction was not found to have a significant positive effect (+) on revisit intention. Sixth, the hypothesis that customer preference would have a significant positive effect (+) on intention revisit was adopted. Seventh, the hypothesis that customer loyalty would have a significant positive effect (+) on revisit intention was adopted. Therefore, the implications of the study results were as follows. First, emotional value and symbolic value of consumer value are factors that can increase customer satisfaction; when consumers visit coffee shops, emotional marketing to make consumers feel positive through the atmosphere or music, is needed rather than practical aspects such as product quality or price. In other words, installing a photo zone around or indoors in coffee shops to arouse emotions using social media will help increase customer satisfaction. Moreover, customer satisfaction can be improved if customers’ visits to coffee shops can elevate and prove their social status by presenting interior decorations or props to create a luxurious image for them. Second, coffee shop marketers must identify consumer value and plan and offer efficient products and services for specific value groups to improve customer preference. One way will be offering functional, practical, or physical performance related to product/service quality, function, price, and reliability to raise rational satisfaction by increasing economic value such as utility or functional convenience compared to the price paid by consumers. Furthermore, providing emotional attributes that connect momentary feelings or moods to purchases may also improve customer preference, according to previous research showing that consumers are dominated by unconscious and instinctive emotional motivations rather than logical thinking when making final decisions. In addition, customer preference will be improved if customers can determine their purchasing behavior based on social, subjective, and emotional meanings and personal feelings as well as images felt while consuming a product so that they can be distinguished from consumers of other brands. Moreover, customer preference is believed to improve if consumers can pursue their own happiness through consumption behavior with consumption values centered on themselves. Third, coffee shops should provide food and beverages that differentiate themselves from regular coffee shops and add elements to feel nature in the city, so that customers are satisfied with the atmosphere, lighting, menu boards, and text on the menu boards and become loyal to the coffee shops. Coffee shops can also appeal to and improve customer loyalty by providing not only beverages but also desserts and creating unique content that is felt only inside the shops rather than developing strategies according to popular trends. Fourth, to improve consumers’ revisit intention, coffee shops should provide content and events that make consumers experience enjoyment, fun, and interest when visiting coffee shops. Alternatively, if consumers can feel recognized through luxurious coffee cups and tables so that they can stand out or be seen as high-class people while using coffee shops, their revisit intention will increase. Fifth, customer satisfaction was found to have no significant positive effect (+) on revisit intention; that is, customers do not unconditionally return even if the barista offers high professionalism, employees provide high-quality services, the product price is satisfactory, and a new menu that fits the trend are provided. This means that other properties exist to improve revisit intention. Moreover, it is considered necessary to meet the attributes that can increase customers’ revisit intention by deriving various selection attributes such as coffee shops’ accessibility, parking, cleanliness, and atmosphere. Sixth, coffee shops must ensure repurchases or revisits by satisfied customers through various marketing efforts to improve customer preferences. Therefore, by introducing ESG management, the latest trend, coffee shops should introduce eco-friendly marketing, such as the use of eco-friendly coffee beans, fair trade certified coffee, organic ingredients, and ingredients safe from genetic manipulation. By emphasizing environmental aspects most customers are interested in these days so they prefer coffee shops, it is considered their revisit intention will increase. Seventh, to improve customer loyalty, providing not only the good taste of coffee and desserts but also a set menu that matches the composition will satisfy customers and increase loyalty. Furthermore, loyalty to coffee shops and revisit intention will increase if the service quality is enhanced by offering thorough service training for employees and combining coffee and desserts with health to give the customers the impression that they are trustworthy. Keywords: Busan, Coffee Shops, Consumer Value, Customer Satisfaction, Customer Preference, Customer Loyalty, Revisit Intention