-단과 -다는의 관계에 대한 재고찰 --단의 역사적 발달과정을 중심으로- = Reconsideration of the Relationship Between -Dan and -Daneun -Focusing on the historical development of -dan-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper argues that the common assumption in Korean linguistics studies and dictionaries that ``-dan`` is a phonological contraction of ``-daneun`` cannot be supported by historical evidences. The form ``-dan`` has been used since the 15th century onwards, but that of ``-daneun`` abruptly came into being in the late 19th century. If ``-daneun`` is the original form of ``-dan``, its usage should have preceded or at least co-existed with the use of ``-dan.`` The form ``-dan`` originated from ``-dat``, which consists of final ending ``-da`` and genetive particle ``-t.`` During the 15th century, both of ``-dat`` and ``-dan`` were used, but from the 16th century ``-dat`` has gradually fallend into disuse while the use of ``-dan`` has noticeabely expanded. This morphological shift accompanied grammatical changes; whereas the type of nouns following ``-dan`` had been limited to speech-related nouns until the 15th century, it has expanded to nouns refering to human, location, and even to bound noun ``geot.`` Moreover, ``-dan`` began to be used in finite clauses from the 17th century combining with tense marker ``-na-`` or ``-eot``, while its usage was restricted to nonfinite clauses during the 15th and 16th centuries; this shows that ``-dan`` has been developed to a single ending through grammatical reconstruction. Meanwhile, the usage of ``-daneun`` appeared from the late 19th century. When grammaticalization takes place, it is common that its process is slow and gradual; however, the form ``-daneun`` suddenly appeared with almost no restriction up to genres or writing styles.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이필영, "통사적 구성에서의 축약에 대하여 : ‘-다, -이라, -더라, -려, -노라’형을 중심으로" 국어학회 26 : 1-32, 1995

2 임동훈, "통사론과 통사 단위" 한국언어학회 31 : 87-138, 1995

3 김선효, "인용 구문 '-다고 하는'과 '-다는'의 특성" 언어교육원 40 (40): 161-176, 2004

4 허 웅, "우리 옛말본" 샘문화사 1975

5 임홍빈, "사이시옷 問題의 解決을 위하여" 국어학회 10 : 1-35, 1981

6 이홍식, "명사구 보문" 국어학회 33 : 367-398, 1999

7 이지양, "국어의 융합현상" 국어학회 1996

8 이광호, "국어문법의 이해 1" 태학사 2001

9 남기심, "국어 완형보문법 연구" 계명대학교 출판부 1973

10 이관규, "관형사 어미 ‘다는’에 대한 고찰" 한국국어교육학회 (77) : 489-504, 2007

11 홍윤표, "十五世紀 國語의 格硏究" 서울대 국어연구회 21 : 1969

12 안병희, "中世國語 屬格語尾 ‘-ㅅ’에 대하여" 李崇寧博士頌壽紀念論叢 1968

13 이현희, "中世國語 內的 話法의 性格" 한신대학교 3 : 191-227, 1986

14 남신혜, "{-다는}의 유형과 문법화" 언어정보연구원 32 : 289-314, 2013

15 Bybee, J, "Frequency of Use and the Organization of Language. Papers in Laboratory Phonology V: Acquisition and the Lexicon" 250-268, 2000

16 이현희, "19세기 국어의 문법사적 고찰" 규장각한국학연구소 15 : 57-81, 1994