Q방법론에 기반한 도시 외부공간의 쾌적성(amenity) 인식에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Amenity Perception of the Outdoor Urban Space Based on Q Methodology

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

(Background and Purpose) This study aims to analyse and categorise the amenity of outdoor urban spaces from the perspective of city dwellers, who are the beneficiaries of urban development. Through this, it seeks to identify the actual types of perception through which city dwellers experience amenity while residing in the city, and to derive their characteristics. This will serve as a foundation for considerations regarding the future assurance of amenity in outdoor urban spaces. (Method) This study employed Q methodology as a typology to objectively classify human subjectivity, analysing perceptions of the amenity of outdoor urban spaces by type and interpreting the factors involved. The concept and components of outdoor urban space amenity were extracted from existing literature and research papers to formulate 34 Q statements. Respondents were selected as a P-sample for a questionnaire survey. Q factor analysis was conducted using the PCQUANL programme to typologise and interpret the results. (Results) Four perspectives were identified as factors influencing perceptions of the amenity of outdoor urban spaces. These are: 'Type 1, Nature-Friendly Convenience Environment Type', which emphasises natural surroundings and vehicular traffic convenience; 'Type 2, Nature-Friendly Natural Environment Type', which prioritises natural surroundings and pedestrian spaces to highlight eco-friendliness; 'Type 3, Safety and Health Basic Environment Type', which stresses crime and urban disaster prevention, environmental pollution control, and cleanliness; and 'Type 4: Convenience-Oriented Approach', which prioritises public transport accessibility. A commonality among these perspectives was that aspects of urban transport, both vehicular and pedestrian, were uniformly recognised as important factors in perceptions of the amenity of outdoor urban spaces. And the abundance and purity of the natural environment generally served as the basis for a positive perception of comfort from every perspective. Differences in the perspectives lie in the coexistence of both convergent and divergent perceptions when judging and recognising tthe amenity of outdoor urban spaces. Specifically, Types 1 and 2 share an emphasis on eco-friendliness but hold opposing views on convenience. Types 1 and 4 both emphasise the convenience of transport but express divergent opinions on urban complexity and artificial landscapes. (Conclusions) This study has identified that perspectives on perceiving the amenity of outdoor urban spaces are diverse and characterised by contradictions and duality. Both positive and negative expressions in the judgement and perception of amenity are key types determining urban amenity. They must be considered when securing amenity, providing significant implications for establishing the concept, components, and implementation strategies of amenity.