Odontoid Synchondrosis Fracture Treated by C1-2 Polyaxial Screw-Rod Fixation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The synchondrosis between the dens and the body of axis normally fuses between 5 and 7 years of age. Until this age, synchondrosis fractures can occur in children. Most synchondrosis fractures are conventionally treated by external immobilization alone. We report a 10-year-old child with odontoid synchondrosis fracture who was treated by C1 lateral mass and C2 pars screw rod fixation with a successful outcome and discuss the possible reasons for occurrence of odontoid synchondrosis fracture in this older child as well as the indications for surgery in this condition.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Connolly B, "The odontoid synchondrotic slip : an injury unique to young children" 25 (25): S129-S133, 1995

2 Bailey DK, "The normal cervical spine in infants and children" 59 : 712-719, 1952

3 Sherburn EW, "Subdental synchondrosis fracture in children : the value of 3-dimensional computerized tomography" 25 : 256-259, 1996

4 Gebauer M, "Subdental synchondrosis and anatomy of the axis in aging : a histomorphometric study on 30 autopsy cases" 15 : 292-298, 2006

5 Amling M, "Structural heterogeneity within the axis : the main cause in the etiology of dens fractures. A histomorphometric analysis of 37 normal and osteoporotic autopsy cases" 83 : 330-335, 1995

6 Ogden JA, "Radiology of postnatal skeletal development. XII. The second cervical vertebra" 12 : 169-177, 1984

7 Fulkerson DH, "Open reduction and internal fixation for angulated, unstable odontoid synchondrosis fractures in children : a safe alternative to halo fixation?" 9 : 35-41, 2012

8 Fassett DR, "Odontoid synchondrosis fractures in children" 20 : E7-, 2006

9 Castellana C, "Morphology of the cervical vertebrae in the fetal-neonatal human skeleton" 194 : 147-152, 1999

10 Sherk HH, "Fractures of the odontoid process in young children" 60 : 921-924, 1978

11 Blauth M, "Fractures of the odontoid process in small children : biomechanical analysis and report of three cases" 5 : 63-70, 1996

12 Odent T, "Fractures of the odontoid process : a report of 15 cases in children younger than 6 years" 19 : 51-54, 1999

13 Griffiths SC, "Fracture of odontoid process in children" 7 : 680-683, 1972

14 Garton HJ, "Fracture dislocation of the neurocentral synchondroses of the axis. Case illustration" 96 (96): 350-, 2002

15 Subach BR, "Current management of pediatric atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation" 23 : 2174-2179, 1998

16 Samartzis D, "Atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in the setting of associated congenital malformations : a modified classification system" 35 : E119-E127, 2010