팍스 로마나: 평화의 선전 = Pax Romana: Propaganda of Peace

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper tried to understand how pax Romana could be begun, by what means Roman peace was maintained. I pointed out the emergence of professional army as an important factor. During the late Republic military achievements were a necessary requirement for political promotion, while most of the senators and equites had nothing to do with military service under the principate. Professioal soldiers who stationed in outer provinces were marginal group recruited from provinces. Fierce competition for military glory disappeared in the principate. Though emperors pursued martial glory as ever, they showed a tendency to make propaganda for peace rather than to risk a military adventure. During the period of confused bloodshed of civil war, Roman people craved for peace and regarded peace as an ideal. They praised pax Augusta and showed their will to obey Augustus as his subjects. Pax Romanawas a convenient term for claiming that Roman empire created a world without wars. Most emperors constructed visible monuments for worshipping peace and closed the door of Janus temple for advertising peace in the first century A.D. Pax Romana was a sort of ideology. Pax became a synonym of empire and was used to justify the rule of empire in asserting that Roman empire communicates peace and civilization to the savage provincial inhabitants. But the provinces of Roman empire didn’t receive sufficiently benefits of pax Romana. Banditry and revolts occurred frequently in the provinces, while provincial inhabitants were subordinate to the force of imperial officials. The imperial government tried to deny the gravity of violence and advertised peace for the sake of emphasizing the challenged ideology of pax Romana.

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