Comparison of Banking Policies Between Pakistan And International Banking System and Their Improvement Measures

국문 초록 (Abstract)

과거 세계에서는 국가 경제에 영향을 미치는 국가 경제에 영향을 미치는 많은 위기에 직면해야합니다.
아시아의 경우 여전히 금융 위기에 직면하고있는 많은 국가가 있지만, 동시에 상황을 극복하기 위해 고군분투하고 있습니다. 국가가 재정적으로 안정하다면 재정 개발은 국가의 중추로 간주됩니다. 해당 국가는 해당 지역에서 쉽게 생존 할 수 있고 다른 국가를 도울 수 있습니다.
국가 전체의 자금 흐름은 은행에 의해 이루어지며 국가의 은행에 의해 법과 정책이 시행 될 수 있습니다. 정책과 법이 모두 국가의 호의에 있고 그 국가보다 대중이 확실히 발전 할 경우 재정에 영향을 줄 수 있습니다.
본 연구에서는 파키스탄, 인도, 한국 및 일본인 아시아 주요 국가의 법과 정책에 대해 연구 할 것이다. 우리는 그들의 정책에 대해 토론하고 서로 비교할 것이며, 이러한 정책이 금융 산업 발전에 도움이 될 수 있는지 알아낼 것입니다.
세계의 뱅킹 시스템은 날마다 변화하고 있습니다. 많은 새로운 시스템이 뱅킹 세계에 도입되고 있으므로 뱅킹의 미래는 오늘날과 완전히 다릅니다.
국가의 지원은 금융 산업 발전에 도움을 줄 수 있습니다. 산업 정책은 또한 발전에 도움을줍니다. 은행은 산업계로부터 많은 돈을 받고 국민의 필요를 충족시키기 위해 해당 국가에서 그 돈을 유통시킵니다.
파키스탄은 가치가 높은 지리적 위치로 인해 아시아의 경제 중심지로 여겨지고 있습니다. 파키스탄은 아시아를 향한 관문입니다.
우리는 다른 아시아 국가의 세부 정책과 은행 시스템을 알아 내려고 노력할 것입니다 금융 산업을 강화시킬 수있는 다른 요소를 식별하기 위해서는 추가 연구가 필요합니다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Comparison of Pakistani Banking Industries (Polices and Regulation) With Other Asian Banking Industries
Fawad Mustafa, Youngsan University
In the past World have to face many crises that effects the One’s country economy which puts the country in financial unitability.
In case of Asia there are so many countries hitch is still facing financial crises but at the same time they are struggling to overcome from the situation. The financial development is considered the backbone of the country if the country is financially stable that country can easily survive in the region and a help the other countries.
The whole money flow in the Country is carried out by the banks and country’s banks law and policies can affect the finance if the policies and acts are both in the favor of country and its public than that country will definitely make progress.
In this research we’ll study about the acts and policies of major countries in the Asia that are Pakistan, India, South Korea and Japan. We’ll discuss their policies and will compare them with one another and will figure out whether those policies can help in the development of banking industry or not.
The Banking system in the world is being transform day-by-day many new systems are being introduced in the banking world so the future of the banking will completely different from today.
Country’s assists can help in the development of the banking industry. The industry policies also help in making progress the banks get large amount of the money from industries and circulate that money in the country to meet the people’s needs.
Pakistan is considered the ecoComparison of Pakistani Banking Industries (Polices and Regulation) With Other Asian Banking Industries
Fawad Mustafa, Youngsan University
In the past World have to face many crises that effects the One’s country economy which puts the country in financial unitability.
In case of Asia there are so many countries hitch is still facing financial crises but at the same time they are struggling to overcome from the situation. The financial development is considered the backbone of the country if the country is financially stable that country can easily survive in the region and a help the other countries.
The whole money flow in the Country is carried out by the banks and country’s banks law and policies can affect the finance if the policies and acts are both in the favor of country and its public than that country will definitely make progress.
In this research we’ll study about the acts and policies of major countries in the Asia that are Pakistan, India, South Korea and Japan. We’ll discuss their policies and will compare them with one another and will figure out whether those policies can help in the development of banking industry or not.
The Banking system in the world is being transform day-by-day many new systems are being introduced in the banking world so the future of the banking will completely different from today.
Country’s assists can help in the development of the banking industry. The industry policies also help in making progress the banks get large amount of the money from industries and circulate that money in the country to meet the people’s needs.
Pakistan is considered the economical hub in the Asia due to its high value geographical location Pakistan is the gateway towards Asia.
We’ll try to figure out the detail policies and the banking system of the different Asian countries further research is needed to identify other factors that could strengthen the banking industry.
economical hub in the Asia due to its high value geographical location Pakistan is the gateway towards Asia.
We’ll try to figure out the detail policies and the banking system of the different Asian countries further research is needed to identify other factors that could strengthen the banking industry.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CHAPTER 1 1
• 1. Introduction 1
• 1.1 Research Background 2
• 1.2 Critical Literature Review 3
• 1.3 The Literature review 3
• 1.4 Research Scope 3
• Chapter 2 4
• 2.1 Scheduled Banks Operating in Pakistan 4
• 2.1.1 Public Sector Banks 4
• 2.1.2 Private Domestic Banks 4
• 2.1.3 Private Banks (Commercial Banks) 5
• 2.1.4 Foreign Banks 5
• 2.2 Pakistani Banking Policies 8
• 2.3 Development Status of The Banking Industry in Pakistan 9
• 2.3.1 Introduction 9
• 2.3.2 Establishment of Commercial Banking System 10
• 2.3.3 Nationalization of Banks 10
• 2.3.4 Privatization Process of Banking 11
• 2.3.5 Inception of Islamic Banking Practices 12
• 2.4 Current Status of Pakistani Banking Sector 13
• 2.5 Structural Reforms of The Pakistani Banking Industry 14
• 2.5.1 Commercial Banking System Development 14
• 2.5.2 Credit rules: A short overview 14
• 2.6 Banking Reforms in Pakistan 15
• 2.6.1 NCB Privatization 16
• 2.6.2 Enterprise Governance 16
• 2.6.3 Strengthening Capital 16
• 2.6.4 Improving Efficiency of Assets 16
• 2.6.5 Economic Market Policy Liberalizations 17
• 2.6.6 Market Funding 17
• 2.6.7 Hypothecary Financing 17
• 2.6.8 Rechtliche Reforms 18
• 2.6.9 Prudential Regulations 18
• 2.6.10 Micro-Financing 18
• 2.6.11 SME Financing 19
• 2.6.12 Taxation 19
• 2.6.13 Agriculture Finance 19
• CHAPTER 3 21
• 3.1 The Current State of Banking Industry in Asian Countries (India, Japan & Korea) 21
• 3.1.1Background 22
• 3.2 Quality of Intermediation: 23
• 3.2.1 Identifying Under-Lending: 23
• 3.2.2 Bank Ownership and Sectoral Allocation of Credit: 24
• 3.2.3 Lending to The State and Comfortable Life: 24
• 3.2.4 The Future of Banking Reforms: 25
• 3.3 Korean Banking System: 26
• 3.3.1 Introduction: 26
• 3.3.2 Restructuring and Reforms in The Banking Industry: 28
• 3.3.3 Banking Sector Restructuring: 28
• 3.3.4 Banking Sector Reforms: 31
• 3.3.5 Strengthening Prudential Regulation: 31
• 3.3.6 Improving Transparency of Financial Institutions Management: 32
• 3.3.7 Introduction of Financial Holding Companies: 32
• 3.4 Developments and Changes: 33
• 3.4.1 Enhanced Asset Quality: 33
• 3.4.2 Enhanced Profitability: 33
• 3.4.3 Increase in Banks’ Share of the Financial Market: 33
• 3.4.4 Increased Market Concentration Resulting from Mergers: 34
• 3.4.5 Extended International Banks Market Position: 34
• 3.5 Japanese Banking System: 36
• 3.5.1 (Bank of Japan): 36
• 3.5.2 Price Stability: 36
• 3.5.3 Monetary Policy: 37
• 3.5.4 Open Market Operations: 37
• 3.5.5 Payment, Settlement, And Financial System Stability: 38
• 3.5.6 Stability of The Financial Framework: 38
• 3.5.7 Preserve the Integrity of the Financial Sector: 39
• 3.5.8 Reforms of The Japanese Banking System: 40
• 3.5.9 Macroeconomic Developments and The Banking Sector: 40
• 3.5.9.1 Asset Prices: 41
• 3.5.9.2 Banking Sector Conditions: 42
• 3.5.10 Causes of The Banking Sector Problem Difficulties: 42
• 3.5.11 Policy Frameworks for Banking Sector Restructuring and Progress: 47
• 3.5.12 Stabilization of The Banking System: 47
• 3.5.13 Banking Sector Restructuring: 48
• 3.5.14 Bank Business Strategy and Consolidation: 48
• 3.5.15 Linkages with Corporate Restructuring: 48
• 3.6 Banking Policies in Korea 50
• 3.6.1 Introduction: 50
• 3.6.2 Activities of The Banks Controls: 53
• 3.6.3 Key Regulatory Developments in Korea Recent Regulatory Issues: 54
• 3.6.4 Capital Bank Requirements: 57
• 3.6.5 Laws Regulating Interactions Between Banks and Their Customers and Other Parties 58
• 3.6.5.1 Type of Laws Related to Deposit and Lending Operations: 58
• 3.6.5.2 Nature of Rules Applicable to Investment Services and Business Activities: 59
• 3.6.6 Limitation on Inbound Cross-Border Activities: 61
• 3.7 Japan Banking Policies 63
• 3.7.1 Introduction: 63
• 3.7.2 Architecture and Laws 63
• 3.7.3 Recent Theme of Regulation 66
• 3.7.4 Reforms in Order to Encourage Financial Business: 67
• 3.7.5 Capital Bank Requirements: 70
• 3.7.6 Rules Regarding Governing Bank’s Relationship with Their Customers and Customer 72
• 3.7.8 Dispute Resolution Alternative: 72
• 3.8 Indian Banking Policies 75
• 3.8.1 Introduction: 75
• 3.8.2 International Banks: 76
• 3.8.3 International Investment: 76
• 3.8.4 Developments of The Recent Regulatory Issue and Key Regulation: 79
• 3.8.5 Other Third Parties - Related Parties: 88
• 3.8.6 Third Parties — NBFCs: 88
• 3.9 Dependent Capital Markets: 92
• 3.10 Building up Non-Bank Financial Companies: 92
• CHAPTER 4 94
• 4.1Measures for Development of Banking Industry In Pakistan 94
• 4.1.1 Industrial Policies: 94
• 4.2 Improvement in Trade and Network: 99
• 4.3 Financial Industry 102
• 4.3.1 Banks Profitability: 102
• 4.3.2 Hypothesis Development 104
• CHAPTER 5 107
• Conclusion: 107