Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami에 의한 참깨의 세균성잎마름병 = Bacterial Blight of Sesame Caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A new bacterial disease of sesam (Sesamum indicum) was observed on field-grown plants in Suwon, Hongchun
and Yeonchun in 2000. Leaf symptoms initially appeared as water-soaked spots that gradually enlarged, became necrotic, and were often bordered by a small zone of lemon yellow tissue. In the case of
severe infection, dead leaves were defoliated. Isolations made from diseased leaves on yeast extract dextrose calcium carbonate agar yielded nearly pure cultures of a yellow-pigmented bacterium typical of a
xanthomonad. Two bacterial strains were purified and used for further tests. Pathogenicity of strains was confirmed on 3-week-old sesame plants sprayed with bacterial suspensions containing 108 cfu/ml of phosphate buffered saline. The Biolog and fatty acid analyses of the two strains(SL3451 and SL3476) from sesame
leaf blight showed that they could be identified as X. campestris pv. sesami because of their high similarity to the tester strain(X. campestris pv. sesami LMG865) with a match probability of 100%. The
bacterium grew well between 18 and 36oC, but optimum temperature was 27oC on LB broth. This is the first report of bacterial blight of sesame in Korea. Symptoms of bacterial blight of sesame are difficult to
differentiated with those of bacterial leaf spot caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. sesami.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

2000년 수원, 홍천, 연천 지역의 참깨 포장에서 새로운 병해가 발견되었다. 처음에는 잎에 수침상의 작은 점무늬를 형성하다가 점점 커져 괴사가 일어나고 주위로 황화되었다. 심하게 감염된 경우는 병든 잎은 떨어졌다. YDC배지에서 병원세균을 순수 분리 하였을 때 Xanthomonas
속 세균의 전형적인 특징인 노란색 색소를 띤 세균이 형성되었다. 분리된 세균을 108 cfu/ml로 현탁한 후 3주 동안 자란 참깨 잎에 분무 접종하였을 때 처음과 같은 증상이 재현되었다. 분리된 세균은 대조균주 X. campestris
pv. sesami LMG865와 지방산 조성 및 다양한 탄소원 이용정도를 이용하여 비교하였을 때 100%의 가능성으로 X.campestris pv. sesami로 동정되었다. 분리된 병원균은 18~36oC에서 생장이 양호하였으며, 27oC에서 가장 우수
하였다. 이 보고는 국내에서 참깨의 세균성잎마름병 최초 보고이며, P. syringae pv. sesami에 의한 세균성점무늬병과 외부적인 병징으로 구별하기가 매우 어렵다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 강철환, "참깨의 특성" 농촌진흥청 homepage 2004

2 한국식물병리학회, "^한국식물병목록^제4판" 한국식물병리학회 779-, 2004

3 Yang, "Utilization of fatty acidmethyl esters for the differentiation of new Xanthomonasspecies" 46 : 298-304, 1996

4 Hildebrand, "Usefulness of nutritional screening for the identification ofXanthomonas campestris DNA homology groups andpathovars" 447-455, 1993

5 A, "Some etiologicalcharacteristics of Xanthomonas campestris pv sesami anddisease reaction of different sesame cultivars" 165-169, 1990

6 Miller, "Single derivatization method for routineanalysis of bacterial whole-cell fatty acid methyl esters" including hydroxy acids 584-586, 1982

7 Schaad, "Plant Pathogenic Bacteria" APS Press 373-, 2001

8 A, "Damping-off of sesmaecaused by Xanthomonas campestris pv sesami in Assam" 249-250, 1993