은퇴자들의 은퇴 후 삶의 상태변화 = Changes of Life Condition after Retirement

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the modern industrialized society which labor-oriented value is prevalent, retirement has very important meaning in individual aspect as well as social aspect. Retirement influences greatly the adjustment of later life in the society in which a retiree has especially considered occupational or social role as the major role in the life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of life condition after retirement, we enrolled 230 retirees who are not employed as a full time of do not have living job in Pusan or Kyungnam area, form Feb. 20 to Apr. 15. 1998. We modified questionnaire based on Duk-Sung Kim`s scale(1989) and collected data The data was analyzed for mean, standard deviation, percentge, examination marks mean with standard deviation) through SPSS/PC (version 8.0). One-way ANOVA test were made for comparisons between means of groups. Duncan`s multiple comparison procedure were followed to assign differences to each groups when significance was attained. Pearson`s Correlation Coefficients was to examine correlation of variables. Chrobach`s α was for reliability of research tools. The results of the study were as follows; 1. After retirement, the life condition changes of retirees revealed the physical condition change 9.790±8.534/53, examination marks change 0.185±0.161, emotional-socioeconomic condition changes 46.086±8.385/75, examination marks 1.872±0.335 and spiritual condition change 31.932±5.771/54, examination marks 1.774±0.321. 2. The life condition changes were according to general characteristics. 1) physical condition change significantly associated with sex(P=0.000), education level (P=0.000), the presence of spouse (P=0.001), residental restrict (P=0.009), religious state (P=0.006), previous job(P=0.000), the kinds of medical insurance(P=0.017), health state (P=0.000), cause of retirement(P=0.000), the times of retireement(P =0.002), the duration of occupational duty(P=0.000). previous job satisfaction (P=0.008), the reserve fund for living expenses (P=0.000), who charge living expenses(P=0.000), the method of the charge for living expenses (P=0.000) and the degrees of social activities(P=0.007). 2) the significant changes were noticed in the emotional and socioeconomic conditions after retirement: According to education level (P=0.000), the presence of spouse(P=0.002), the type of the house(P=0.019), living family with retiree(P=0.000), religious state(P=0.023), previous job(P=0.000), type of medical insurance (P=0.005), present health state(P=0.000), the cause of retirement(P=0.000), duration of occupational duty(P=0.003), the frequency of the change of job site(P=0.027), previous job satisfaction(P=0.000), the plans and preparations for retirement (P=0.000), the reserve methods for living expense(P=0.003), the degree of the reserve and for living expenses(P=0.005), present income(P=0.000), who charge the living expenses(P=0.010), the charging method for living expenses(P=0.001), the degrees of the satisfaction for living expenses(P=0.000), and the degree of social activities(P=0.002). 3) In the spiritual condition, every changes were dependent on sex (P=0.000), the level of education (P=0.000), the level of education (P=0.004), the number of offspring (P=0. 032), religion(P=0.000), the importance of faith(P=0.000), previous job(P=0.000), health state(P=0.002), the duration after retire(P=0.022), the frequency of locomotion of the living job site(P=0.022), previous job satisfaction(P=0.000), the charge methods for living expenses (P=0.051), the degrees of the satisfaction for living expenses(P=0.002), and the degree of social activities(P=0.022). As a results, the retirement brought out the changes of life conditions, which were influenced by the states(variables) of the retiree, and each variables could explain the changes of life conditions after retirement in many case.